Enriching zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) levels, while reducing cadmium (Cd) concentration in rice grains is of great benefit for human diet and health. Large natural variations in grain Zn, Se, and Cd concentrations in different rice accessions enable Zn/Se‐biofortification and Cd‐minimization through molecular breeding. Here, we report the development of new elite varieties by pyramiding major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that significantly contribute to high Zn/Se and low Cd accumulation in grains. A chromosome segment substitution line CSSL^GCC7 with the PA64s‐derived GCC7 allele in the 93‐11 background, exhibited steadily higher Mn and lower Cd concentrations in grains than those of 93‐11. This elite chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) was used as the core breeding material to cross with CSSLs harboring other major QTLs for essential mineral elements, especially CSSL^GZC6 for grain Zn concentration and CSSL^GSC5 for grain Se concentration. The CSSL^GCC7+GZC6 and CSSL^GCC7+GSC5 exhibited lower Cd concentration with higher Zn and Se concentrations in grains, respectively. Our study thus provides elite materials for rice breeding targeting high Zn/Se and low Cd concentrations in grains.

中文翻译：

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通过QTL金字塔技术开发谷物中高锌/硒和低镉的营养水稻。

丰富锌（Zn）和硒（Se）含量，同时降低稻米中的镉（Cd）浓度，对人类饮食和健康大有裨益。不同水稻品种中籽粒中Zn，Se和Cd浓度的大自然变化使得通过分子育种实现Zn / Se生物强化和Cd最小化。在这里，我们通过金字塔化主要的数量性状基因座（QTL）报告了新的优良品种的发展，这些基因座显着地促进了谷物中高锌/硒和低镉的积累。染色体片段置换系CSSL ^GCC7与PA64S衍生GCC7在93-11背景中的等位基因比93-11稳定地显示出较高的Mn含量和较低的Cd浓度。该优良的染色体片段替代系（CSSL）被用作核心育种材料，与含有其他主要QTL的CSSL杂交，这些QTL包含必需的矿质元素，特别是CZn ^GZC6（用于籽粒锌浓度）和CSSL ^GSC5（用于籽粒硒浓度）。CSSL ^{GCC7 + GZC6}和CSSL ^{GCC7 + GSC5}分别具有较低的Cd浓度和较高的锌和硒浓度。因此，我们的研究为水稻育种提供了针对锌/硒高和镉低的优良材料。