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Rhipicephalus microplus cystatin as a potential cross-protective tick vaccine against Rhipicephalus appendiculatus.
Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2020.101378
Luís Fernando Parizi 1 , Carolina Konrdörfer Rangel 1 , Gabriela Alves Sabadin 1 , Bianca Fagundes Saggin 1 , Irene Kiio 2 , Marina Amaral Xavier 1 , Renata da Silva Matos 3 , Maria Izabel Camargo-Mathias 3 , Adriana Seixas 4 , Satoru Konnai 5 , Kazuhiko Ohashi 5 , Naftaly Wang'ombe Githaka 6 , Itabajara da Silva Vaz 7
Affiliation  

Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, the brown ear tick, is an important disease vector of livestock in eastern, central and southern Africa. Rhipicephalus appendiculatus acaricide resistance requires the search for alternative methods for its control. Cystatins constitute a superfamily of cysteine peptidase inhibitors vital for tick blood feeding and development. These inhibitors were proposed as antigens in anti-tick vaccines. In this work, we applied structural and biochemical approaches to characterize a new cystatin named R. appendiculatus cystatin 2a (Racys2a). Structural modeling showed that this new protein possesses characteristic type 2 cystatin motifs, besides conservation of other structural patterns along the protein. Peptidase inhibitory assays with recombinant Racys2a showed modulation of tick and host cathepsins involved in blood digestion and immune system responses, respectively. A heterologous tick challenge with R. appendiculatus in rabbits immunized with recombinant Rhipicephalus microplus cystatin 2c (rBmcys2c) was performed to determine cross-reactivity. Histological staining showed that rBmcys2c vaccination caused damage to the gut, salivary gland and ovary tissues in R. appendiculatus. Furthermore, cystatin vaccine reduced the number of fully engorged adult females in 11.5 %. Consequently, strategies to increase the protection rate are necessary, including the selection of two or more antigens to compose a vaccine cocktail.



中文翻译:

Rhipicephalus microplus cystatin作为潜在的交叉阑尾吸虫的交叉保护性壁虱疫苗。

褐色耳tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus是非洲东部,中部和南部牲畜的重要疾病媒介。阑尾Rhipicephalus杀螨剂的耐药性需要寻找其他控制方法。胱抑素构成半胱氨酸肽酶抑制剂的超家族,对tick血的喂养和发育至关重要。这些抑制剂被提议作为抗-虫疫苗中的抗原。在这项工作中,我们应用了结构和生化方法来表征一种名为R. appendiculatus的新型胱抑素胱抑素2a(Racys2a)。结构建模表明,这种新蛋白除保留沿该蛋白的其他结构模式外,还具有特征性的2型胱抑素基序。重组Racys2a的肽酶抑制试验显示,modulation和宿主组织蛋白酶分别参与血液消化和免疫系统应答的调节。与异源蜱挑战R. appendiculatus兔重组BCG扇头蜱microplus进行半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C(rBmcys2c),以确定交叉反应性。组织学染色显示到肠道,唾液腺和卵巢组织该rBmcys2c接种造成了损害R. appendiculatus。此外,半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂疫苗使完全充血的成年女性的数量减少了11.5%。因此,增加保护率的策略是必要的,包括选择两种或更多种抗原以组成疫苗混合物。

更新日期:2020-01-20
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