The spring wheat-derived QTL Fhb1 was successfully introgressed into triticale and resulted in significantly improved FHB resistance in the three triticale mapping populations. Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a major problem in cereal production particularly because of mycotoxin contaminations. Here we characterized the resistance to FHB in triticale breeding material harboring resistance factors from bread wheat. A highly FHB-resistant experimental line which derives from a triticale × wheat cross was crossed to several modern triticale cultivars. Three populations of recombinant inbred lines were generated and evaluated in field experiments for FHB resistance using spray inoculations during four seasons and were genotyped with genotyping-by-sequencing and SSR markers. FHB severity was assessed in the field by visual scorings and on the harvested grain samples using digital picture analysis for quantifying the whitened kernel surface (WKS). Four QTLs with major effects on FHB resistance were identified, mapping to chromosomes 2B, 3B, 5R, and 7A. Those QTLs were detectable with both Fusarium severity traits. Measuring of WKS allows easy and fast grain symptom quantification and appears as an effective scoring tool for FHB resistance. The QTL on 3B collocated with Fhb1, and the QTL on 5R with the dwarfing gene Ddw1. This is the first report demonstrating the successful introgression of Fhb1 into triticale. It comprises a significant step forward for enhancing FHB resistance in this crop.

中文翻译：

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QTL 定位和春小麦衍生 QTL Fhb1 的成功渗入，以抵抗三个欧洲小黑麦群体的镰刀菌赤霉病。

源自春小麦的 QTL Fhb1 成功渗入小黑麦，并显着提高了三个小黑麦作图群体的 FHB 抗性。镰刀菌赤霉病 (FHB) 是谷物生产中的一个主要问题，特别是由于霉菌毒素污染。在这里，我们表征了含有面包小麦抗性因子的小黑麦育种材料对 FHB 的抗性。来自小黑麦与小麦杂交的高度抗 FHB 的实验品系与几个现代小黑麦品种杂交。产生了三个重组自交系群体，并在四个季节期间使用喷雾接种在田间实验中评估了 FHB 抗性，并使用测序基因分型和 SSR 标记进行了基因分型。FHB 严重程度在田间通过视觉评分进行评估，并使用数字图片分析对收获的谷物样品进行量化，以量化增白的籽粒表面 (WKS)。鉴定出四个对 FHB 抗性有主要影响的 QTL，分别映射到染色体 2B、3B、5R 和 7A。这些 QTL 可以通过两种镰刀菌严重性状进行检测。WKS 的测量可以轻松快速地量化谷物症状，并可作为 FHB 抗性的有效评分工具。3B 上的 QTL 与 Fhb1 搭配，5R 上的 QTL 与矮化基因 Ddw1 搭配。这是第一份证明 Fhb1 成功渗入小黑麦的报告。它在增强该作物的 FHB 抗性方面向前迈出了重要一步。