Abstract The arching effect significantly affects the mechanical properties such as deformation and loading transmission of the granular media. To visually observe the arching process and force chain distribution, with two steel columns set underneath in the device to cause localized deformation, two-dimensional loading model experiments of photoelastic particles were conducted. By exploring the arching mechanism, the following main conclusions were drawn: (1) Two kinds of arches were found; one is called “stress arch”, which can block the loading transmission path and shield the passing stress, while the other is an intrinsic arch generated under appropriate compressive state that can cause mesoscopic inhomogeneity of deformation. (2) Both the geometric parameters and the stress state affect the formation of the stress arch; for instance, the accumulating space S of the steel columns will increase the influence range of the stress arch until its disintegration happens, which is consistent with the trap-door experiments.

中文翻译：

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基于力链可视化的颗粒介质拱形效应分析

摘要 拱形效应显着影响粒状介质的变形和载荷传递等力学性能。为直观观察拱起过程和力链分布，在装置下方设置两根钢柱引起局部变形，进行了光弹粒子二维加载模型实验。通过对拱形机理的探索，得出以下主要结论：（1）发现了两种拱形；一种称为“应力拱”，可以阻断荷载传递路径，屏蔽传递的应力，另一种是在适当的压缩状态下产生的内在拱，会引起变形的细观不均匀性。(2) 几何参数和应力状态均影响应力拱的形成；例如，