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A new model for the synthesis of graphite encapsulated nickel nanoparticles when using organic compounds in an arc-discharge system
Diamond and Related Materials ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2020.107719
Yu-Chieh Huang , Mao-Hua Teng , Tun-Hao Tsai

Abstract Herein we propose a new “three-step” model of synthesizing graphite encapsulated nickel nanoparticles (Ni-GEM), including the pyrolysis reaction of organic compounds which the conventional two-step model ignores. According to the results of XRD, Raman, and TEM, we found that the Ni-GEM synthesized by using both PF resin and benzene vapor as the carbon sources has two favorable characteristics: thicker shells (~5–10 nm) and smaller particle sizes (~30 nm), which are much better than those using only PF resin or PF resin mixed with cyclohexane vapor (thinner shell less than 5 nm and larger particle sizes ~50 nm). Benzene decomposes into large aromatic molecules and tiny graphitic flakes at 1200–3500K, while cyclohexane prefers to decompose and form small hydrocarbon molecules at 1000K. As a result, the two compounds go through two different reaction paths. Benzene will decompose and directly attach onto the surface of Ni nanoparticles, forming smaller sized but thicker shell structured Ni-GEM, while cyclohexane will lead to the formation of amorphous carbon coating on the Ni-GEM. By including the above two distinct hydrocarbon pyrolysis reactions, this study modifies the conventional model and successfully explains the formation processes of Ni-GEM with very different morphologies. Furthermore, the new model may help in controlling the morphologies of other GEM nanoparticles with a number of core-metals.

中文翻译:

在电弧放电系统中使用有机化合物时合成石墨包封镍纳米粒子的新模型

摘要 在此,我们提出了一种新的“三步”合成石墨包覆镍纳米粒子 (Ni-GEM) 模型,包括传统两步模型忽略的有机化合物的热解反应。根据 XRD、Raman 和 TEM 的结果,我们发现使用 PF 树脂和苯蒸气作为碳源合成的 Ni-GEM 具有两个有利的特性:更厚的壳(~5-10 nm)和更小的粒径(~30 nm),这比仅使用 PF 树脂或 PF 树脂与环己烷蒸气混合的那些(更薄的壳小于 5 nm 和更大的粒径 ~ 50 nm)要好得多。苯在 1200-3500K 分解成大的芳香分子和微小的石墨薄片,而环己烷更喜欢在 1000K 分解并形成小的烃分子。因此,这两种化合物经过两个不同的反应路径。苯会分解并直接附着在 Ni 纳米粒子的表面,形成更小但更厚的壳结构 Ni-GEM,而环己烷会导致在 Ni-GEM 上形成无定形碳涂层。通过包括上述两种不同的烃类热解反应,本研究修改了传统模型并成功解释了形态差异很大的 Ni-GEM 的形成过程。此外,新模型可能有助于控制具有许多核心金属的其他 GEM 纳米粒子的形态。而环己烷会导致在 Ni-GEM 上形成无定形碳涂层。通过包括上述两种不同的烃类热解反应,本研究修改了传统模型并成功解释了形态差异很大的 Ni-GEM 的形成过程。此外,新模型可能有助于控制其他具有多种核心金属的 GEM 纳米粒子的形态。而环己烷会导致在 Ni-GEM 上形成无定形碳涂层。通过包括上述两种不同的烃类热解反应,本研究修改了传统模型并成功解释了形态差异很大的 Ni-GEM 的形成过程。此外,新模型可能有助于控制具有许多核心金属的其他 GEM 纳米粒子的形态。
更新日期:2020-03-01
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