Abstract In this study, a model is developed to estimate the cost-optimal large-scale economic potential of shared rooftop PV systems based on neighbourhood energy communities (ECs). In a first step, an optimisation model determines the cost-optimal rooftop PV capacities for representative neighbourhood ECs in characteristic settlement patterns (SPs). Next, the number of ECs in the large-scale area of investigation is determined by allocating buildings to SPs and ECs. Finally, the optimal large-scale, EC-based rooftop PV potential is determined by upscaling. A case study is provided for Austria, identifying a cost-optimal economic rooftop PV potential of approximately 10GWp. This PV capacity would already be sufficient (in terms of expected PV deployment) to meet the Austrian 2030 policy goal of a 100% renewable electricity generation. However, results also indicate that accommodating the cost-optimal rooftop PV capacity is difficult in cities/towns in contrast to rural areas. Thus, future ECs should be implemented not only on neighbourhood level, but across the boundaries of different SPs. Different sensitivity analyses are conducted, notably in terms of varying retail electricity prices, including a variation of distribution grid tariff structures, and PV system cost. The trade-off between these sensitivity parameters is critically discussed and provides recommendations for future work.

中文翻译：

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能源社区共享屋顶光伏的成本最优经济潜力：来自奥地利的证据

摘要 在这项研究中，开发了一个模型来估计基于社区能源社区 (ECs) 的共享屋顶光伏系统的成本最优大规模经济潜力。第一步，优化模型确定具有代表性的社区 EC 在特征聚居模式 (SP) 中的成本最优屋顶光伏容量。接下来，通过将建筑物分配给 SP 和 EC 来确定大规模调查区域中的 EC 数量。最后，最佳的大规模、基于 EC 的屋顶光伏潜力由升级决定。为奥地利提供了一个案例研究，确定了大约 10GWp 的成本最优经济屋顶光伏潜力。这种光伏容量已经足以（就预期的光伏部署而言）满足奥地利 2030 年 100% 可再生发电的政策目标。然而，结果还表明，与农村地区相比，城市/城镇难以适应成本最优的屋顶光伏容量。因此，未来的 EC 不仅应在邻里层面实施，而且应跨越不同 SP 的边界。进行了不同的敏感性分析，特别是在不同的零售电价方面，包括配电网电价结构和光伏系统成本的变化。批判性地讨论了这些灵敏度参数之间的权衡，并为未来的工作提供了建议。尤其是在不同的零售电价方面，包括配电网电价结构的变化和光伏系统成本。批判性地讨论了这些灵敏度参数之间的权衡，并为未来的工作提供了建议。尤其是在不同的零售电价方面，包括配电网电价结构的变化和光伏系统成本。批判性地讨论了这些灵敏度参数之间的权衡，并为未来的工作提供了建议。