Standard inactivated influenza vaccines are poorly immunogenic in immunologically naive healthy young children, who are particularly vulnerable to complications from influenza. For them, there is an unmet need for better influenza vaccines. Oil-in-water emulsion-adjuvanted influenza vaccines are promising candidates, but clinical trials yielded inconsistent results. Here, we meta-analyze randomized controlled trials with efficacy data (3 trials, n = 15,310) and immunogenicity data (17 trials, n = 9062). Compared with non-adjuvanted counterparts, adjuvanted influenza vaccines provide a significantly better protection (weighted estimate for risk ratio of RT-PCR-confirmed influenza: 0.26) and are significantly more immunogenic (weighted estimates for seroprotection rate ratio: 4.6 to 7.9) in healthy immunologically naive young children. Nevertheless, in immunologically non-naive children, adjuvanted and non-adjuvanted vaccines provide similar protection and are similarly immunogenic. These results indicate that oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant improves the efficacy of inactivated influenza vaccines in healthy young children at the first-time seasonal influenza vaccination.

中文翻译：

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小儿流感疫苗的水包油乳剂佐剂：系统评价和荟萃分析。

标准的灭活流感疫苗在幼稚的免疫学健康的年轻人中免疫原性很差，他们特别容易受到流感并发症的影响。对于他们来说，对更好的流感疫苗的需求尚未得到满足。水包油乳液佐剂型流感疫苗是有前途的候选药物，但临床试验结果不一致。在这里，我们对具有疗效数据（3个试验，n = 15,310）和免疫原性数据（17个试验，n = 9062）的随机对照试验进行荟萃分析。与非佐剂疫苗相比，佐剂流感疫苗在健康状况下具有更好的保护作用（RT-PCR确认的流感风险比加权估计：0.26），并且免疫原性也更强（血清保护率比加权估计：4.6至7.9）。免疫学天真的幼儿。不过，在非免疫学非免疫儿童中，佐剂和非佐剂疫苗可提供类似的保护，并且具有类似的免疫原性。这些结果表明，在首次季节性流感疫苗接种中，水包油乳液佐剂可提高健康幼儿中灭活流感疫苗的功效。