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What hinders and helps academics to conduct Dissemination and Implementation (D&I) research in the field of nutrition and physical activity? An international perspective.
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity ( IF 8.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-16 , DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-0909-z
Harriet Koorts 1 , Patti-Jean Naylor 2 , Rachel Laws 1 , Penelope Love 1 , Jaimie-Lee Maple 1 , Femke van Nassau 3
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND Ineffective research-practice translation is a major challenge to population health improvement. This paper presents an international perspective on the barriers and facilitators associated with the uptake of and engagement in Dissemination and Implementation (D&I) research in the fields of physical activity and nutrition. METHODS A mixed methods study involving participants from the International Society for Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity (ISBNPA) network. Participants completed an online survey (May-July 2018) and/or participated in a focus group during the annual ISBNPA conference (June 2018). Descriptive statistics were generated for quantitative online and pre-focus group survey data. Fisher's exact tests investigated associations of (i) length of time in academia, (ii) career stage and (iii) country of work, and agreement with 'perceptions of D&I'. Qualitative data were analysed thematically. RESULTS In total, 141 participants responded to the survey (76% female, 21% aged 35-39 years, 14 countries represented) and 25 participated in focus groups (n = 3). Participants self-identified as having knowledge (48%), skills (53%) and experience supporting others (40%) to conduct D&I research. The majority (96%) perceived D&I was important, with 66% having organizational support for D&I, yet only 52% reported prioritizing D&I research. Perceptions of D&I differed by length of time in academia, career stage and country of work. Barriers included: (i) lack of D&I expertise; (ii) lack of organisational support/value for D&I; (iii) embedded scientific beliefs/culture; (iv) methodological challenges with D&I research; (v) funding/publishing priorities and; (vi) academic performance structures. Facilitators included: (i) increased presence/value of D&I; (ii) collective advocacy; (iii) organisational support for D&I; (iv) recruitment of D&I scientists and; (v) restructure of academic performance models, funding/publishing criteria. CONCLUSIONS Individual, organisational and system-wide factors hindered academics' engagement with and support for D&I research, which was perceived to reduce opportunities for research-practice translation. Factors were mostly consistent across countries and individual career stages/time spent in academia. Embedding D&I early within academic training, and system-wide reorientation of academic performance and funding structures to promote and facilitate D&I research, are some of the necessary actions to reduce the research-practice gap. Consistent with public health more broadly, these changes are long overdue in the fields of physical activity and nutrition.

中文翻译:

是什么阻碍和帮助学者进行营养和体育锻炼领域的传播与实施(D&I)研究?国际视野。

背景技术无效的研究实践翻译是人口健康改善的主要挑战。本文介绍了与体育活动和营养领域的传播和实施(D&I)研究的吸收和参与有关的障碍和促进因素的国际观点。方法一项混合方法研究涉及国际行为营养和体育活动学会(ISBNPA)网络的参与者。参加者完成了在线调查(2018年5月至7月),和/或参加了ISBNPA年度会议(2018年6月)期间的焦点小组。描述性统计数据用于定量在线和焦点小组调查数据。Fisher的精确测试调查了(i)学术界的时间长度,(ii)职业阶段和(iii)工作国家/地区,并同意“对D&I的看法”。定性数据进行了专题分析。结果共有141名参与者回答了调查(女性76%,年龄在35-39岁的21%,有14个国家/地区),并且有25名参与者参加了焦点组(n = 3)。参与者自我识别为具有知识(48%),技能(53%)和支持他人进行D&I研究的经验(40%)。大多数(96%)认为D&I很重要,其中66%的组织支持D&I,但只有52%的人报告优先考虑D&I研究。在学术界,职业阶段和工作国家/地区,对D&I的看法有所不同。障碍包括:(i)缺乏D&I专业知识;(ii)缺乏D&I的组织支持/价值;(iii)内在的科学信念/文化;(iv)D&I研究的方法论挑战;(v)资助/出版优先事项;以及 (vi)学业成绩结构。促进者包括:(i)D&I的存在/价值增加;(ii)集体倡导;(iii)对D&I的组织支持;(iv)招聘D&I科学家;以及 (v)调整学业成绩模型,资助/发表标准。结论个人,组织和系统范围的因素阻碍了学者对D&I研究的参与和支持,这被认为减少了研究实践翻译的机会。各个国家和个人在学术界的职业阶段/时间大多保持一致。尽早将D&I纳入学术培训,并在全系统范围内调整学术绩效和资金结构,以促进和促进D&I研究,是缩小研究实践差距的一些必要措施。从更广泛的角度来看,这些变化在体育锻炼和营养领域早就应该实现。
更新日期:2020-04-22
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