Particulate matter from natural sources such as desert dust causes harmful effects for health. Asian dust (AD) increases the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, little is known about the risk of myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA), compared to myocardial infarction with coronary artery disease (MI-CAD). Using a time-stratified case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression models, the association between short-term exposure to AD whereby decreased visibility (< 10 km) observed at each monitoring station nearest to the hospitals was used for exposure measurements and admission for AMI in the spring was investigated using a nationwide administrative database between April 2012 and March 2016. According to presence of revascularization and coronary atherosclerosis, AMI patients (n = 30,435) were divided into 2 subtypes: MI-CAD (n = 27,202) or MINOCA (n = 3233). The single lag day-2 was used in AD exposure based on the lag effect analysis. The average level of meteorological variables and co-pollutants on the 3 days prior to the case/control days were used as covariates. The occurrence of AD events 2 days before the admission was associated with admission for MINOCA after adjustment for meteorological variables [odds ratio 1.65; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18-2.29], while the association was not observed in MI-CAD. The absolute risk difference of MINOCA admission was 1.79 (95% CI 1.21-2.38) per 100,000 person-year. These associations between AD exposure and the admission for MINOCA remained unchanged in two-pollutant models. This study provides evidence that short-term exposure to AD is associated with a higher risk of MINOCA, but not MI-CAD.

中文翻译：

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在日本，短期接触沙漠尘埃和发生急性心肌梗塞的风险：一项时间分层的病例交叉研究。

天然来源的颗粒物（例如沙漠尘）会对健康产生有害影响。亚洲尘埃（AD）增加了急性心肌梗塞（AMI）的风险。然而，与患有冠状动脉疾病的心肌梗塞（MI-CAD）相比，对于非阻塞性冠状动脉（MINOCA）发生心肌梗塞的风险知之甚少。使用时间分层的病例交叉设计和条件对数回归模型，将短期暴露于AD从而在距医院最近的每个监测站观察到的能见度降低（<10 km）之间的关联用于暴露测量和AMI入院在2012年4月至2016年3月期间，使用全国范围内的管理数据库对春季进行了调查。根据血运重建和冠状动脉粥样硬化的存在，AMI患者（n = 30，435）分为2个子类型：MI-CAD（n = 27,202）或MINOCA（n = 3233）。基于滞后效应分析，将单个滞后第2天用于AD暴露。病例/对照日前三天的气象变量和共污染物的平均水平用作协变量。入院前2天发生AD事件与调整气象变量后与MINOCA的入院有关[比值比为1.65；95％置信区间（CI）1.18-2.29]，而在MI-CAD中未观察到关联。每100,000人年MINOCA入院的绝对风险差异为1.79（95％CI 1.21-2.38）。在两种污染物的模型中，AD暴露与MINOCA摄入之间的这些关联保持不变。这项研究提供了证据，表明短期暴露于AD与MINOCA的较高风险相关，