Seawater heat pump system exhibits merits of reducing building energy consumption, while enhancing the heat transfer of seawater heat exchangers is the key to improve the system performance. The effect of seawater flow behavior on the thermal performance of seawater heat exchanger immersed in oscillating flow is significant but often neglected. An unsteady mathematical model was firstly developed to describe heat transfer of oscillating flow around the staggered tube-bundle heat exchanger and verified by experimental results. Effects of the structural and operational parameters, such as the tube length, heat transfer fluid velocity, wave parameters and sinking depth on the thermal performance were analyzed. It was shown that the thermal efficiency of seawater heat exchanger ascended with the increase of wave amplitude and decrease of the heat exchanger sinking depth. Additionally, the tube length and heat transfer fluid velocity could be reasonably designed to achieve the optimum value between cost and performance. The heat transfer mechanism in seawater side was predominated by forced convection to natural convection with the increasing sinking depth under various wave parameters. The proposed model is favorable to delicately characterize the heat transfer of seawater heat exchanger with the consideration of seawater flow. The results in this paper is helpful to guide the optimization on designing the staggered tube-bundle heat exchanger in oscillating flow and to promote the application of ocean thermal energy.

海水热泵系统具有减少建筑能耗的优点，而提高海水热交换器的传热能力则是提高系统性能的关键。海水流动行为对浸没在振荡流中的海水热交换器的热性能的影响是显着的，但常常被忽略。首先建立了一个不稳定的数学模型来描述振荡流在交错管束式换热器周围的传热，并通过实验结果进行了验证。分析了管长，传热流体速度，波浪参数和沉陷深度等结构和操作参数对热性能的影响。结果表明，海水换热器的热效率随着波幅的增加和换热器沉深的减小而提高。另外，可以合理地设计管长和传热流体速度，以在成本和性能之间达到最佳值。在各种波浪参数下，随着沉陷深度的增加，海水侧的传热机理主要是强迫对流至自然对流。所提出的模型有利于精细地表征海水热交换器的传热特性。本文的研究结果对指导交错流束管式换热器的优化设计和促进海洋热能的应用具有指导意义。可以合理地设计管长和传热流体速度，以在成本和性能之间达到最佳值。在各种波浪参数下，随着沉陷深度的增加，海水侧的传热机理主要是强迫对流至自然对流。所提出的模型有利于精细地表征海水热交换器的传热特性。本文的研究结果对指导交错流束管式换热器的优化设计和促进海洋热能的应用具有指导意义。可以合理地设计管长和传热流体速度，以在成本和性能之间达到最佳值。在各种波浪参数下，随着沉陷深度的增加，海水侧的传热机理主要是强迫对流至自然对流。所提出的模型有利于精细地表征海水热交换器的传热特性。本文的研究结果对指导交错流束管式换热器的优化设计和促进海洋热能的应用具有指导意义。在各种波浪参数下，随着沉陷深度的增加，海水侧的传热机理主要是强迫对流至自然对流。所提出的模型有利于精细地表征海水热交换器的传热特性。本文的研究结果对指导交错流束管式换热器的优化设计和促进海洋热能的应用具有指导意义。在各种波浪参数下，随着沉陷深度的增加，海水侧的传热机理主要是强迫对流至自然对流。所提出的模型有利于精细地表征海水热交换器的传热特性。本文的研究结果对指导交错流束管式换热器的优化设计和促进海洋热能的应用具有指导意义。