In this paper, an enhanced three-dimensional continuum damage mechanics model is applied to predict the drop-weight impact response and compression after impact failure of a fiber-reinforced polymer composite specimen. The three-dimensional progressive damage model incorporates a three-dimensional maximum stress criterion to predict the intra-ply damage initiation, followed by a fracture-energy-based smeared crack model to capture the post-peak softening behavior. Driven by the dominant through-the-thickness failure under impact loading, a three-dimensional continuum damage model is implemented for the three-dimensional solid element via its explicit material model for Abaqus (VUMAT) to capture the effect of three-dimensional stress state and the interaction of matrix cracking and delamination. Abaqus’ restart analysis capability is used to activate the compression after impact analysis using the final damage state from the dynamic impact analysis. Both the dynamic failure and the compression after impact are demonstrated via a suite of verification examples followed by the sensitivity analysis using distinct impact configurations. The predictive capability of the proposed three-dimensional damage model is first verified using a static open-hole tension test. Applications of the damage model are then demonstrated for simulations of the dynamic drop-weight tests and compression after impact tests. A comparative study on the developed method is performed using the results predicted from the open-source CompDam. A sensitivity study is also performed to demonstrate the impact energy-dependent failure mode. The proposed model has shown its advantages in performing a quick assessment of impact damage and its effects on the residual compressive strength.

中文翻译：

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落锤冲击和冲击后压缩的三维渐进损伤模型

在本文中，应用增强的三维连续介质损伤力学模型来预测纤维增强聚合物复合材料试样在冲击破坏后的落锤冲击响应和压缩。三维渐进式损伤模型结合了三维最大应力准则来预测层内损伤的开始，然后是基于断裂能量的涂抹裂纹模型来捕捉峰值后的软化行为。受冲击载荷下主要的贯穿厚度破坏的驱动，通过其显式材料模型为 Abaqus (VUMAT) 实现三维实体单元的三维连续损伤模型，以捕捉三维应力状态的影响以及基体开裂和分层的相互作用。Abaqus 的重新启动分析功能用于在使用动态冲击分析的最终损坏状态进行冲击分析后激活压缩。动态失效和冲击后的压缩都通过一组验证示例进行证明，然后使用不同的冲击配置进行敏感性分析。首先使用静态裸眼拉伸试验验证所提出的三维损伤模型的预测能力。然后演示了损伤模型在冲击试验后的动态落锤试验和压缩模拟中的应用。使用从开源 CompDam 预测的结果对开发的方法进行了比较研究。还进行了敏感性研究以证明与冲击能量相关的失效模式。