Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T lymphocytes that are abundant in mucosal tissues and the liver where they can respond rapidly to a broad range of riboflavin producing bacterial and fungal pathogens. Neutrophils, which are recruited early to sites of infection, play a nonredundant role in pathogen clearance and are crucial for controlling infection. The interaction of these two cell types is poorly studied. Here, we investigated both the effect of neutrophils on MAIT cell activation and the effect of activated MAIT cells on neutrophils. We show that neutrophils suppress the activation of MAIT cells by a cell-contact and hydrogen peroxide dependent mechanism. Moreover, highly activated MAIT cells were able to produce high levels of TNF-α that induced neutrophil death. We therefore provide evidence for a negative regulatory feedback mechanism in which neutrophils prevent overactivation of MAIT cells and, in turn, MAIT cells limit neutrophil survival.

中文翻译：

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中性粒细胞抑制人类黏膜相关的不变T细胞。

粘膜相关不变T（MAIT）细胞是先天性T淋巴细胞，在粘膜组织和肝脏中丰富，在那里它们可以快速响应广泛的核黄素产生细菌和真菌病原体。中性粒细胞较早被募集到感染部位，在病原体清除中起着非冗余的作用，对于控制感染至关重要。这两种细胞类型的相互作用研究很少。在这里，我们调查了嗜中性粒细胞对MAIT细胞活化的影响以及活化的MAIT细胞对嗜中性粒细胞的影响。我们显示中性粒细胞通过细胞接触和过氧化氢依赖性机制抑制MAIT细胞的激活。此外，高度活化的MAIT细胞能够产生高水平的TNF-α，诱导中性粒细胞死亡。