Functional responses describe how consumer foraging rates change with resource density. Despite extensive research looking at the factors underlying foraging interactions, there remains ongoing controversy about how temperature and body size control the functional response parameters space clearance (or attack) rate and handling time. Here, we investigate the effects of temperature, consumer mass, and resource mass using the largest compilation of functional responses yet assembled. This compilation contains 2,083 functional response curves covering a wide range of foragers and prey types, environmental conditions, and habitats. After accounting for experimental arena size, dimensionality of the foraging interaction, and consumer taxon, we find that both space clearance rate and handling time are optimized at intermediate temperatures (a unimodal rather than monotonic response), suggesting that the response to global climate change depends on the location of the consumer's current temperature relative to the optimum. We further confirm that functional responses are higher and steeper for large consumers and small resources, and models using consumer and resource masses separately outperformed models using consumer:resource mass ratios, suggesting that consumer and resource body mass act independently to set interaction strengths. Lastly, we show that the extent to which foraging is affected by temperature or mass depends on the taxonomic identity of the consumer and the dimensionality of the consumer-resource interaction. We thus argue that although overall body size and temperature effects can be identified, they are not universal, and therefore food web and community modeling approaches could be improved by considering taxonomic identity along with body size and unimodal temperature effects.

中文翻译：

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功能响应在中间温度下最大化

功能响应描述了消费者觅食率如何随资源密度而变化。尽管对觅食相互作用的潜在因素进行了广泛的研究，但关于温度和体型如何控制功能反应参数空间清除（或攻击）率和处理时间仍然存在争议。在这里，我们使用迄今为止最大的功能响应汇编来研究温度、消费者质量和资源质量的影响。该汇编包含 2,083 条功能响应曲线，涵盖范围广泛的觅食者和猎物类型、环境条件和栖息地。在考虑了实验场的大小、觅食互动的维度和消费者分类群后，我们发现空间清除率和处理时间在中间温度下都得到了优化（单峰而非单调响应），这表明对全球气候变化的响应取决于消费者当前温度相对于最佳温度的位置。我们进一步证实，对于大消费者和小资源，功能反应更高、更陡峭，并且使用消费者和资源质量的模型分别优于使用消费者：资源质量比的模型，这表明消费者和资源体质量独立行动以设置交互强度。最后，我们表明觅食受温度或质量影响的程度取决于消费者的分类身份和消费者-资源相互作用的维度。