Abstract The safflower plant as an attractive feedstock for development of a biorefinery through the multi-biofuel production was evaluated. The safflower plant, composed of straw (79.6 wt %) and oilseed (20.4 wt%), was used for bioethanol, biogas, and biodiesel production. The oil was extracted from the seeds and subjected to methanolic transesterification process to produce biodiesel. The remained seed cake was converted to biogas by anaerobic digestion process. The ethanol production from safflower straw was not satisfactory; thus, the straw was hydrothermally pretreated at 120–180 °C for 1–5 h to maximize the bioethanol production. The increase in the pretreatment time and temperature considerably improved the ethanol yield, and the highest yield of 60.3% was obtained performing the pretreatment at 180 °C for 5 h. The biodiesel and methane production yields from oilseeds and seed cake were 90.3% and 185.8 mL/g volatile solids, respectively. Overall, each kg of safflower plant yielded 97.2 g ethanol, 22.4 L methane, and 46.6 g biodiesel that are totally equivalent to 0.168 L gasoline per kg of safflower plant in this biorefinery concept.

中文翻译：

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基于红花全株的生物炼制开发

摘要 红花植物作为一种有吸引力的原料，通过多种生物燃料生产发展生物精炼厂进行了评估。红花植物由秸秆 (79.6 wt%) 和油籽 (20.4 wt%) 组成，用于生产生物乙醇、沼气和生物柴油。从种子中提取油并进行甲醇酯交换过程以生产生物柴油。剩余的种子饼通过厌氧消化过程转化为沼气。红花秸秆生产乙醇不理想；因此，秸秆在 120-180°C 下进行水热预处理 1-5 小时，以最大限度地提高生物乙醇的产量。预处理时间和温度的增加显着提高了乙醇产率，在 180°C 下进行预处理 5 小时可获得 60.3% 的最高产率。油籽和种子饼的生物柴油和甲烷产量分别为 90.3% 和 185.8 mL/g 挥发性固体。总体而言，在这种生物精炼概念中，每公斤红花植物产生 97.2 克乙醇、22.4 升甲烷和 46.6 克生物柴油，完全相当于每公斤红花植物 0.168 升汽油。