Many individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been shown to perceive everyday sensory information differently compared to peers without autism. Research examining these sensory differences has primarily utilized nonnatural stimuli or natural stimuli using static photos with few having utilized dynamic, real‐world nonverbal stimuli. Therefore, in this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to characterize brain activation of individuals with high‐functioning autism when viewing and listening to a video of a real‐world scene (a person bouncing a ball) and anticipating the bounce. We investigated both multisensory and unisensory processing and hypothesized that individuals with ASD would show differential activation in (a) primary auditory and visual sensory cortical and association areas, and in (b) cortical and subcortical regions where auditory and visual information is integrated (e.g. temporal‐parietal junction, pulvinar, superior colliculus). Contrary to our hypotheses, the whole‐brain analysis revealed similar activation between the groups in these brain regions. However, compared to controls the ASD group showed significant hypoactivation in the left intraparietal sulcus and left putamen/globus pallidus. We theorize that this hypoactivation reflected underconnectivity for mediating spatiotemporal processing of the visual biological motion stimuli with the task demands of anticipating the timing of the bounce event. The paradigm thus may have tapped into a specific left‐lateralized aberrant corticobasal circuit or loop involved in initiating or inhibiting motor responses. This was consistent with a dual “when versus where” psychophysical model of corticobasal function, which may reflect core differences in sensory processing of real‐world, nonverbal natural stimuli in ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 539–549. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

中文翻译：

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自闭症患者对现实世界的动态自然刺激的处理与皮质基底功能有关。

许多患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的人与非自闭症同龄人相比，对日常感官信息的感知有所不同。检查这些感官差异的研究主要利用非自然刺激或使用静态照片的自然刺激，很少利用动态的、现实世界的非语言刺激。因此，在这项研究中，我们使用功能磁共振成像来表征高功能自闭症患者在观看和收听真实世界场景（一个人弹球）的视频并预测弹跳时的大脑激活情况。我们研究了多感觉和单感觉处理，并假设患有 ASD 的个体会在（a）初级听觉和视觉感觉皮层和关联区域，以及（b）听觉和视觉信息整合的皮质和皮层下区域（例如时间信息）表现出差异激活。 ‐顶叶交界处、枕丘、上丘）。与我们的假设相反，全脑分析显示这些大脑区域的各组之间有相似的激活。然而，与对照组相比，自闭症谱系障碍组的左侧顶内沟和左侧壳核/苍白球表现出明显的低活性。我们推测，这种低激活反映了介导视觉生物运动刺激的时空处理与预测弹跳事件时间的任务要求的连接不足。因此，该范例可能已经利用了参与启动或抑制运动反应的特定左偏异常皮质基底回路或环路。这与皮质基底功能的双重“何时与何地”心理物理模型一致，这可能反映了自闭症谱系障碍患者对现实世界、非语言自然刺激的感觉处理的核心差异。自闭症研究2020，13：539–549。© 2020 国际自闭症研究协会，Wiley periodicals, Inc.