Pseudaminic acids (Pses) are a group of non-mammalian nonulosonic acids (nulOs) that have been shown to be an important virulence factor for a number of pathogenic bacteria, including emerging multidrug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens. Despite their discovery over 30 years ago, relatively little is known about the biological significance of Pse glycans compared with their sialic acid analogues, primarily due to a lack of access to the synthetically challenging Pse architecture. Recently, however, the Pse backbone has been subjected to increasing synthetic exploration by carbohydrate (bio)chemists, and the total synthesis of complex Pse glycans achieved with inspiration from the biosynthesis and subsequent detailed study of chemical glycosylation by using Pse donors. Herein, context is provided for these efforts by summarising recent synthetic approaches pioneered for accessing Pse glycans, which are set to open up this underexplored area of glycoscience to the wider scientific community.

中文翻译：

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访问伪氨基酸（Pse）细菌聚糖的合成方法。

伪酸（Pseudaminic acid，Pses）是一组非哺乳动物的非ulosonic acid（nulOs），已被证明是许多致病细菌（包括新兴的耐多药ESKAPE病原体）的重要毒力因子。尽管在30年前发现了Pse聚糖，但与唾液酸类似物相比，对Pse聚糖的生物学意义知之甚少，这主要是由于缺乏合成挑战性的Pse结构。然而，近来，碳水化合物（生物）化学家对Pse骨架进行了越来越多的合成探索，并且在生物合成和随后通过使用Pse供体进行的化学糖基化的详细研究的启发下，实现了复杂Pse聚糖的全合成。在这里