Lyme borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) are the most common tick-borne diseases in Germany. We collected Ixodes ricinus ticks from 16 high-risk and four low-risk sites distributed in Lower Bavaria and Upper Palatinate based on the number of human TBE cases recorded at the Robert Koch Institute from 2001 to 2009. A total of 8805 questing ticks (8203 nymphs, 602 adults) were collected in 2010 and examined in pools for the presence of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) using real-time RT–PCR. Overall TBEV prevalence evaluated as the minimum infection rate (MIR) was 0.26 % (23 positive pools/8805 ticks in 1029 pools). TBEV was detected at seven of the 16 high-risk sites, where MIR ranged from 0.16 to 2.86 %. A total of 3969 ticks were examined by PCR for infection with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) targeting the 5 S–23 S rRNA intergenic spacer (IGS) region. IGS nucleotide sequences were used to determine genospecies. Selected positive Borrelia samples were subjected to PCR and sequencing targeting the OspA gene, providing 46 sequences for molecular phylogenetic analysis. Of the 3969 questing ticks, 506 (12.7 %) were positive for B. burgdorferi s.l. Seven B. burgdorferi s.l. genospecies were identified: B. afzelii (41.3 %), B. garinii (19 %), B. valaisiana (13.8 %), B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (11.1 %), B. spielmanii (0.4 %), B. lusitaniae (0.2 %), and Candidatus B. finlandensis (0.6 %). Mixed infections were identified in 13.6 % of the ticks. The rate of infection in questing ticks varied among sites from 5.6 % (72 examined, four positive) to 29.5 % (88 examined, 26 positive). B. burgdorferi s.l. occurred at all 20 sites, whereas TBEV was detected only at the high-risk sites where more human TBE cases were reported compared to low-risk sites.

莱姆病（Bermliliosis）和壁虱传播性脑炎（TBE）是德国最常见的壁虱传播性疾病。我们根据罗伯特·科赫研究所（Robert Koch Institute）2001年至2009年记录的人类TBE病例数，从分布在下巴伐利亚和上普法尔茨州的16个高风险站点和4个低风险站点收集了蓖麻I。共有8805个问号（8203）如果在2010年收集了若虫（602名成年），并使用实时RT-PCR在池中检查是否存在壁虱传播性脑炎病毒（TBEV）。总体TBEV患病率以最低感染率（MIR）评估为0.26％（1029个池中有23个阳性池/ 8805个滴答）。在16个高风险站点中的7个站点中检测到TBEV，MIR范围为0.16％至2.86％。PCR检测总共3969个tick伯氏疏螺旋体（sl）靶向5 S–23 S rRNA基因间隔区（IGS）。IGS核苷酸序列用于确定基因种类。对选定的阳性疏螺旋体样品进行PCR和靶向OspA基因的测序，为分子系统发育分析提供46个序列。的3969追问蜱，506（12.7％）呈阳性伯氏疏螺旋SL七伯氏疏螺旋SL基因种鉴定：B. afzelii（41.3％），B. garinii（19％），B. valaisiana（13.8％） ，B。burgdorferi sensustricto（11.1％），S。spielmanii（0.4％），B. lusitaniae（0.2％）和Candidatus B.finlandensis（0.6％）。在13.的13.6％中识别出混合感染。各个部位的虱感染率从5.6％（检查72个，阳性4个）到29.5％（检查88个，阳性26个）。B. burgdorferi sl发生在所有20个地点，而TBEV仅在高风险地点才被检测到，据报道，与低风险地点相比，人类TBE病例更多。