Adolescent-onset depression and anxiety represent a substantial, and growing, health-care burden. Unfortunately, traditional treatments for depression and anxiety that are effective in adults have small success rates in paediatric populations. Therefore, there is understandable enthusiasm for novel treatments that might help young people struggling with affective disorders. In March, 2019, esketamine was approved for treatment-resistant depression in adults, and clinical trials to test its efficacy in adolescents have already begun. However, considerable research from the field of schizophrenia suggests that repeated exposure to ketamine-like drugs during development can permanently disrupt neurodevelopment and have catastrophic long-term cognitive and behavioural outcomes. ^,  As one of the principal prepsychotic symptoms of schizophrenia in adolescence is depression, repeated administration of esketamine as an antidepressant could represent a profound risk for at least some members of this highly vulnerable population.

中文翻译：

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乙草胺作为小儿抑郁症的治疗方法：安全性和有效性问题。

青少年期抑郁症和焦虑症代表着巨大的，日益增长的医疗保健负担。不幸的是，对成年人有效的传统抑郁和焦虑疗法在儿科人群中成功率较低。因此，人们对新型疗法的热情是可以理解的，它可以帮助年轻人度过情感障碍。在2019年3月，依沙酮胺被批准用于成人的抗抑郁治疗，并且已经开始进行临床试验以测试其在青少年中的疗效。但是，来自精神分裂症领域的大量研究表明，在发育过程中反复接触氯胺酮样药物会永久破坏神经发育，并带来灾难性的长期认知和行为后果。^，  由于青春期精神分裂症的主要精神病前症状之一是抑郁症，因此反复服用艾氯他敏作为抗抑郁药可能对这一高度脆弱人群中的至少某些成员构成巨大风险。