Electric fields play a key role in producing required fibers during the electrospinning process. The effects of electric fields on the jet motion, resultant fiber diameter, fiber membrane thickness, crystallinity, and mechanical properties induced by three different melt electrospinning systems were investigated in this work in a comprehensive and systematic manner. Intended for thoroughly understanding the electric field distribution, numerical simulation was used in the experiment. Besides, high-speed photography was adopted, with the objective of capturing the related and necessary images in the process of jet motion. Our simulation and experimental results indicated that both direction and intensity of electric fields play an important role in jet motion and resultant fiber properties, that is, an enhanced electric field with the same direction as the original electric field results in a fiber with a finer diameter, larger crystallinity, and better mechanical performance due to higher whipping amplitude, greater whipping frequency, and more efficient stretching of the jet; by contrast, the electric field distribution in the opposite direction created by auxiliary electrodes with inverse voltage produces a nonuniform fiber with a larger diameter, a smaller crystallinity, poorer mechanical performance, and a fluffy fiber membrane because of unstable jet motion and inefficient stretching.

中文翻译：

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静电纺丝中电场引起的射流运动和纤维性质的研究

电场在静电纺丝过程中在生产所需纤维方面起着关键作用。在这项工作中，以一种全面而系统的方式研究了电场对由三种不同的熔体静电纺丝系统引起的喷射运动，最终纤维直径，纤维膜厚度，结晶度和机械性能的影响。为了彻底了解电场分布，在实验中使用了数值模拟。此外，还采用了高速摄影技术，目的是在喷射运动过程中捕获相关和必要的图像。我们的仿真和实验结果表明，电场的方向和强度在射流运动和最终的纤维性质中都起着重要作用，即，与原始电场方向相同的增强电场会导致纤维直径更细，结晶度更大，机械性能更好，这是由于较高的搅动幅度，较大的搅动频率和更有效的射流拉伸；相反，由辅助电极施加反向电压产生的相反方向的电场分布会产生不稳定的纤维，该纤维直径较大，结晶度较小，机械性能较差，并且由于射流运动不稳定和拉伸效率低下，纤维膜蓬松。