We demonstrate a facile synthesis method to modify the candle soot morphology with the assistance of urea as a porogen during combustion to enable its use as a binder-free anode. As obtained urea modified candle soot varies significantly in its physical and electrochemical properties compared to candle soot deposited directly by burning the candle. While we characterize the physiochemical properties thoroughly in this work using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherms, scanning as well as high resolution transmission electron microscopy, electrochemical properties of as-fabricated modified candle soot anode shows an outstanding specific capacity of 520 and 260 mAhg⁻¹ at 5C and 10 C-rates after 900 and 2000 galvanostatic charge-discharge cycles respectively. Due to the presence of extra mesoporosity in the modified candle soot along with nitrogen doping from urea, electrochemical performance is significantly improved as compared to bare candle soot. Further, full cell studies show that as modified nitrogen-doped candle soot can deliver a high capacity of 143 mAhg⁻¹ at 50 mAg⁻¹ current density with 312 Wh-kg⁻¹ specific energy density. Excellent electrochemical behavior of as-modified nitrogen doped candle soot reveals the potency of this material as an anode for Li-ion battery for high current applications such as hybrid electric vehicles.

我们展示了一种简便的合成方法，可在燃烧过程中借助尿素作为致孔剂来改变蜡烛烟灰的形态，使其能够用作无粘合剂的阳极。与通过燃烧蜡烛直接沉积的蜡烛烟灰相比，所获得的尿素改性的蜡烛烟灰在其物理和电化学性质上有很大变化。尽管我们在这项工作中使用X射线衍射，拉曼光谱，N ₂吸附/解吸等温线，扫描以及高分辨率透射电子显微镜来彻底表征其理化性质，但制成的改性烛灰阳极的电化学性质显示出优异的比重。 520和260 mAhg ^-1的容量在分别进行900和2000次恒电流充放电循环后，以5C和10 C的速率放电。由于改性蜡烛烟灰中存在额外的介孔性以及尿素中的氮掺杂，与裸蜡烛烟灰相比，电化学性能得到了显着改善。此外，全电池研究表明，作为改性的氮掺杂蜡烛烟灰，在50 mAg ^-1的电流密度和312 Wh-kg ^-1的比能量密度下，可以提供143 mAhg ^-1的高容量。改性氮掺杂蜡烛烟灰的出色电化学行为表明，该材料作为锂离子电池阳极的潜力很大，可用于高电流应用（例如混合动力汽车）。