The optimal exercise-training characteristics for reducing blood pressure (BP) are unclear. We investigated the effects of 6-weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on BP and aortic stiffness in males with overweight or obesity. Twenty-eight participants (18–45 years; BMI: 25–35 kg/m²) performed stationary cycling three times per week for 6 weeks. Participants were randomly allocated (unblinded) to work-matched HIIT (N = 16; 10 × 1-min intervals at 90–100% peak workload) or MICT (N = 12; 30 min at 65–75% peak heart rate). Central (aortic) and peripheral (brachial) BP and aortic stiffness was assessed before and after training. There were no significant group × time interactions for any BP measure (all p > 0.21). HIIT induced moderate reductions in central (systolic/diastolic ∆: −4.6/−3.5 mmHg, effect size d = −0.51/−0.40) and peripheral BP (−5.2/−4 mmHg, d = −0.45/−0.47). MICT induced moderate reductions in diastolic BP only (peripheral: −3.4 mmHg, d = −0.57; central: −3 mmHg, d = −0.50). The magnitude of improvement in BP was strongly negatively correlated with baseline BP (r = −0.66 to −0.78), with stronger correlations observed for HIIT (r = −0.73 to −0.88) compared with MICT (r = −0.43 to −0.61). HIIT was effective for reducing BP (~3–5 mmHg) in the overweight to obese cohort. Exercise training induced positive changes in central (aortic) BP. The BP-lowering effects of exercise training are more prominent in those with higher baseline BP, with stronger correlation in HIIT than MICT.

降低血压 (BP) 的最佳运动训练特征尚不清楚。我们调查了 6 周的高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 或中等强度连续训练 (MICT) 对超重或肥胖男性血压和主动脉僵硬度的影响。28 名参与者（18-45 岁；BMI：25-35 kg/m ²）每周进行 3 次固定自行车，持续 6 周。参与者被随机分配（非盲）到工作匹配的 HIIT（N  = 16；10 × 1 分钟间隔，90-100% 峰值工作量）或 MICT（N  = 12；30 分钟，65-75% 峰值心率）。在训练前后评估中央（主动脉）和外周（肱）血压和主动脉僵硬度。任何 BP 测量都没有显着的组 × 时间相互作用（所有p  > 0.21)。HIIT 诱导中枢 血压（收缩压/舒张压 Δ：-4.6/-3.5 mmHg，效应大小d = -0.51/-0.40）和外周血压（-5.2/-4 mmHg，d  = -0.45/-0.47）适度降低。MICT 仅诱导舒张压中度降低（外周：-3.4 mmHg，d  = -0.57；中央：-3 mmHg，d  = -0.50）。BP 改善幅度与基线 BP ( r  = -0.66 至 -0.78)呈强烈负相关，HIIT ( r  = -0.73 至 -0.88) 与 MICT ( r = -0.43 至 -0.61）。HIIT 可有效降低超重至肥胖人群的血压（~3-5 mmHg）。运动训练引起中枢（主动脉）血压的积极变化。运动训练的降压效果在基线血压较高的人群中更为显着，与 MICT 相比，HIIT 的相关性更强。