Oil extraction from seeds of purple viper's bugloss (Echium plantagineum) was carried out using different solvents (chloroform:methanol, n‐hexane, ethanol, 2‐propanol and ethyl acetate) at room temperature and also using Randall extraction. Extraction yields were calculated and oils were analyzed in terms of fatty acid profiles and distribution among lipid classes, total polyphenol content, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and phytosterol content. No considerable differences were found on fatty acid profiles and distribution in oils regardless of the solvent and temperature used for the extraction. However, ethanol combined with Randall extraction (85 °C for 1 hour) offered the best results in terms of total polyphenol content (20.9 mg GAE/100 g oil), ORAC (468.0 μmol TE/100 g oil), and phytosterol amount (437.2 mg identified phytosterols/100 g oil) among all assayed extraction methods. A higher extraction temperature led to significantly higher concentrations of bioactive compounds and ORAC values in the oil when ethanol or 2‐propanol were used as extracting solvent, but that was not the case using n‐hexane except for the concentrations of β‐sitosterol and stigmasterol, which were significantly higher using Randall extraction than room temperature extraction with n‐hexane. Ethanol is classified as a “green solvent,” and it could be considered a suitable option to produce oil from E. plantagineum seeds with a higher antioxidant capacity and bioactive compound concentration than the current commercial oil, which is usually extracted with n‐hexane.

中文翻译：

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绿色溶剂萃取紫Vi牛Bug种子油中的脂肪酸谱和生物活性化合物的提取

从紫色蝰蛇牛舌草种子榨油（车前叶蓝蓟）是在室温下使用不同的溶剂（氯仿：甲醇，正己烷，乙醇，2-丙醇和乙酸乙酯）进行的，也使用Randall萃取进行。计算脂肪酸的提取率，并根据脂肪酸谱和脂质类别之间的分布，总多酚含量，氧自由基吸收能力（ORAC）和植物甾醇含量分析油。不论萃取所用的溶剂和温度如何，脂肪酸分布和在油中的分布均未发现明显差异。但是，乙醇与Randall提取液（85°C混合1小时）相结合的总酚含量（20.9 mg GAE / 100 g油），ORAC（468.0μmolTE / 100 g油）和植物甾醇含量（在所有测定的萃取方法中，鉴定出的植物甾醇为437.2 mg / 100 g油。当使用乙醇或2-丙醇作为提取溶剂时，较高的提取温度导致油中生物活性化合物的浓度和ORAC值显着提高，但使用正己烷的情况除外，除了β-谷甾醇和豆甾醇的浓度外，情况并非如此。 ，使用Randall萃取显着高于使用正己烷进行室温萃取。乙醇被列为“绿色溶剂”，可以认为是从中生产油的合适选择。使用Randall萃取比使用正己烷进行室温萃取要高得多。乙醇被列为“绿色溶剂”，可以认为是从中生产油的合适选择。使用Randall萃取比使用正己烷进行室温萃取要高得多。乙醇被列为“绿色溶剂”，可以认为是从中生产油的合适选择。与目前通常使用正己烷提取的市售油相比，E。plantagineum种子具有更高的抗氧化能力和生物活性化合物浓度。