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Genomic insight into the origins and dispersal of the Brazilian coastal natives.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ( IF 11.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-13 , DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1909075117
Marcos Araújo Castro E Silva 1 , Kelly Nunes 1 , Renan Barbosa Lemes 1 , Àlex Mas-Sandoval 2, 3 , Carlos Eduardo Guerra Amorim 4 , Jose Eduardo Krieger 5 , José Geraldo Mill 6 , Francisco Mauro Salzano 2 , Maria Cátira Bortolini 2 , Alexandre da Costa Pereira 5 , David Comas 3 , Tábita Hünemeier 7
Affiliation  

In the 15th century, ∼900,000 Native Americans, mostly Tupí speakers, lived on the Brazilian coast. By the end of the 18th century, the coastal native populations were declared extinct. The Tupí arrived on the east coast after leaving the Amazonian basin ∼2,000 y before present; however, there is no consensus on how this migration occurred: toward the northern Amazon and then directly to the Atlantic coast, or heading south into the continent and then migrating to the coast. Here we leveraged genomic data from one of the last remaining putative representatives of the Tupí coastal branch, a small, admixed, self-reported Tupiniquim community, as well as data of a Guaraní Mbyá native population from Southern Brazil and of three other native populations from the Amazonian region. We demonstrated that the Tupiniquim Native American ancestry is not related to any extant Brazilian Native American population already studied, and thus they could be considered the only living representatives of the extinct Tupí branch that used to settle the Atlantic Coast of Brazil. Furthermore, these data show evidence of a direct migration from Amazon to the Northeast Coast in pre-Columbian time, giving rise to the Tupí Coastal populations, and a single distinct migration southward that originated the Guaraní people from Brazil and Paraguay. This study elucidates the population dynamics and diversification of the Brazilian natives at a genomic level, which was made possible by recovering data from the Brazilian coastal population through the genomes of mestizo individuals.

中文翻译:

从基因组学角度了解巴西沿海本地人的起源和传播。

在15世纪,约有90万美洲原住民居住在巴西沿海地区,其中大多数是讲图皮语的人。到18世纪末,沿海土著人口被宣布灭绝。图皮人在离开亚马逊盆地约2,000年之前就到达了东海岸。但是,关于这种迁移是如何发生的,尚无共识:先向北亚马逊河,然后直接向大西洋海岸,再向南进入非洲大陆,然后再向海岸迁移。在这里,我们利用了图皮海岸分支最后一个假定的代表之一,一个小型的,混合的,自我报告的图皮尼基姆群落的基因组数据,以及来自巴西南部的瓜拉尼·姆比亚土著居民和来自巴西的其他三个土著居民的数据亚马逊地区。我们证明了Tupiniquim美国原住民的血统与已经研究的任何现存巴西原住民无关,因此,他们可以被视为曾经定居巴西大西洋海岸的已故Tupí分支的唯一活着代表。此外,这些数据表明,在哥伦布时代之前,亚马逊河从亚马逊直接迁移到东北海岸,从而增加了图皮沿海人口,并且有一个独特的向南迁移,起源于巴西和巴拉圭的瓜拉尼人。这项研究阐明了在基因组水平上巴西本地人的种群动态和多样性,这是通过通过混血个体的基因组从巴西沿海人口中回收数据来实现的。因此,他们可以被视为曾经定居巴西大西洋沿岸的已灭绝的图皮分支的唯一在世代表。此外,这些数据表明,在哥伦布时代之前,亚马逊河从亚马逊直接迁移到东北海岸,从而增加了图皮沿海人口,并且有一个独特的向南迁移,起源于巴西和巴拉圭的瓜拉尼人。这项研究阐明了在基因组水平上巴西本地人的种群动态和多样性,这是通过通过混血个体的基因组从巴西沿海人口中回收数据来实现的。因此,他们可以被视为曾经定居巴西大西洋沿岸的已灭绝的图皮分支的唯一在世代表。此外,这些数据表明,在哥伦布时代之前,亚马逊河从亚马逊直接迁移到东北海岸,从而增加了图皮沿海人口,并且有一个独特的向南迁移,起源于巴西和巴拉圭的瓜拉尼人。这项研究阐明了在基因组水平上巴西本地人的种群动态和多样性,这是通过通过混血个体的基因组从巴西沿海人口中回收数据来实现的。这些数据表明,在哥伦布时代之前,有亚马逊从亚马逊直接迁移到东北海岸,从而增加了图皮沿海人口,并且有一个明显的向南迁移,起源于巴西和巴拉圭的瓜拉尼人。这项研究阐明了在基因组水平上巴西本地人的种群动态和多样性,这是通过通过混血个体的基因组从巴西沿海人口中回收数据来实现的。这些数据表明,在哥伦布时代之前,有亚马逊从亚马逊直接迁移到东北海岸,从而增加了图皮沿海人口,并且有一个明显的向南迁移,起源于巴西和巴拉圭的瓜拉尼人。这项研究阐明了在基因组水平上巴西本地人的种群动态和多样性,这是通过通过混血个体的基因组从巴西沿海人口中回收数据来实现的。
更新日期:2020-02-04
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