The aim of this study is to prepare and evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of ciprofloxacin (CIP) loaded PLGA nanoparticles (F2) and CIP-PLGA nanoparticles coated with chitosan (F3) versus ciprofloxacin solution (Fl) as a control on Enterococcus faecalis. F2 was prepared using double emulsion evaporation technique then coated with chitosan (F3). The prepared F2 and F3 were evaluated for size, surface charge, encapsulation efficiency, morphology and in vitro release. F1, F2, F3, and Chitosan (CS) were assessed in vitro using agar diffusion technique and biofilm inhibition assay. Finally, biofilm inhibition on teeth using Colony Forming Unit (CFU) was implemented with different concentrations of the three formulae. The results revealed that F2 is 202.9 nm with a negative charge -0.0254 mv, while F3 is 339.6 nm with a positive charge +28.5 mv. The encapsulation efficiency of F2, and F3 was 64% and 78% respectively. The amount released was 92.62% and 78.3% for F2 and F3, respectively, after 72 h, while F1 showed 100% released in the first hour. CS, F1, F2, and F3, showed antibacterial effect with inhibition zone of 12 mm, 22 mm, 20 mm, and 32 mm respectively. Biofilm inhibition of F1, F2, and F3 were 60%, 74%, and 91.8%, respectively. F3 colony count was less than F2, and F1 in all concentrations. It can be concluded that F3 had proven to exhibit potential antibacterial and antibiofilm activity in a controlled release pattern consequently, they can be used as an intra-canal medication.

中文翻译：

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制备基于PLGA-壳聚糖的纳米载体，以增强环丙沙星在根管感染中的抗菌作用。

这项研究的目的是制备和评估载有环丙沙星（CIP）的PLGA纳米颗粒（F2）和涂有壳聚糖（F3）的CIP-PLGA纳米颗粒相对于环丙沙星溶液（F1）的抗菌和抗生物膜活性，以作为粪肠球菌的对照。使用双乳剂蒸发技术制备F2，然后用壳聚糖（F3）涂覆。评价制备的F2和F3的尺寸，表面电荷，包封效率，形态和体外释放。F1，F2，F3和壳聚糖（CS）在体外使用琼脂扩散技术和生物膜抑制试验进行评估。最后，使用三种浓度的不同配方对使用菌落形成单位（CFU）的牙齿进行生物膜抑制。结果显示F2为202.9 nm，负电荷为-0.0254 mv，而F3为339。6 nm，带正电荷+28.5 mv。F2和F3的封装效率分别为64％和78％。72小时后，F2和F3的释放量分别为92.62％和78.3％，而F1在第一个小时内显示为100％释放。CS，F1，F2和F3分别显示出12mm，22mm，20mm和32mm的抑菌作用。F1，F2和F3的生物膜抑制分别为60％，74％和91.8％。F3菌落计数小于F2，并且在所有浓度下均小于F1。可以得出结论，事实证明，F3以控释方式表现出潜在的抗菌和抗生物膜活性，因此它们可用作运河内药物。而F1表示在第一个小时内释放了100％。CS，F1，F2和F3分别显示出12mm，22mm，20mm和32mm的抑菌作用。生物膜对F1，F2和F3的抑制作用分别为60％，74％和91.8％。F3菌落计数小于F2，并且在所有浓度下均小于F1。可以得出结论，事实证明，F3以控释方式表现出潜在的抗菌和抗生物膜活性，因此它们可用作运河内药物。而F1表示在第一个小时内释放了100％。CS，F1，F2和F3分别显示出12mm，22mm，20mm和32mm的抑菌作用。生物膜对F1，F2和F3的抑制作用分别为60％，74％和91.8％。F3菌落计数小于F2，并且在所有浓度下均小于F1。可以得出结论，事实证明，F3以控释方式表现出潜在的抗菌和抗生物膜活性，因此它们可用作运河内药物。