A glycosaminoglycan was isolated from the sea cucumber Holothuria coluber (HcFG). A series of oligosaccharide fragments (dp range 3-11) were prepared from its β-eliminative depolymerized product (dHcFG). Extensive NMR characterization of the oligosaccharides indicated the d-GlcA-β1,3-d-GalNAc4S6S repeating disaccharide backbone was substituted by monosaccharide branches comprising of Fuc2S4S, Fuc3S4S and Fuc4S, linked to O-3 of d-GlcA. For the prevailing Fuc3S4S at nonreducing end of dHcFG, the β-eliminative depolymerization process of HcFG was compared with those of the FGs from Actinopyga miliaris (AmFG, branched with Fuc3S4S) and Stichopus variegatus (SvFG, branched with Fuc2S4S). The result suggested that d-GlcA substituted with Fuc3S4S was more susceptible to depolymerization than that with Fuc2S4S. It might be due to the larger steric hindrance effects from Fuc2S4S on the esterification of GlcA. Biological assays confirmed that the minimum chain length (dp8), regardless of the Fuc branch types, was required for the potent anti-iXase and anticoagulant activities in FG fragments.

中文翻译：

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分离自Holothuria coluber的岩藻糖基化糖胺聚糖中寡糖的NMR表征和抗凝血活性。

从海参Holothuria coluber（HcFG）中分离了糖胺聚糖。从其β-消除解聚产物（dHcFG）制备了一系列寡糖片段（dp范围为3-11）。寡糖的广泛NMR表征表明d-GlcA-β1,3-d-GalNAc4S6S重复二糖主链被单糖分支取代，该单糖分支包含Fuc2S4S，Fuc3S4S和Fuc4S，与d-GlcA的O-3连接。对于在dHcFG的非还原端普遍存在的Fuc3S4S，将HcFG的β-消除解聚过程与来自纤支猕猴桃（AmFG，带有Fuc3S4S的分支）和变叶Stichopus variegatus（SvFG，带有Fuc2S4S的分支）的FG的β-消除解聚过程进行了比较。结果表明，用Fuc3S4S取代的d-GlcA比Fuc2S4S更易于解聚。这可能是由于Fuc2S4S对GlcA的酯化反应具有更大的位阻影响。生物学分析证实，无论Fuc支链类型如何，最小链长（dp8）都是FG片段中有效的抗酶和抗凝血活性所必需的。