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An evaluation of the Zambia influenza sentinel surveillance system, 2011-2017.
BMC Health Services Research ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-13 , DOI: 10.1186/s12913-019-4884-5
Paul Simusika 1 , Stefano Tempia 2, 3, 4 , Edward Chentulo 1 , Lauren Polansky 3 , Mazyanga Lucy Mazaba 1 , Idah Ndumba 1 , Quinn K Mbewe 1 , Mwaka Monze 1
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND Over the past decade, influenza surveillance has been established in several African countries including Zambia. However, information on the on data quality and reliability of established influenza surveillance systems in Africa are limited. Such information would enable countries to assess the performance of their surveillance systems, identify shortfalls for improvement and provide evidence of data reliability for policy making and public health interventions. METHODS We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines to evaluate the performance of the influenza surveillance system (ISS) in Zambia during 2011-2017 using 9 attributes: (i) data quality and completeness, (ii) timeliness, (iii) representativeness, (iv) flexibility, (v) simplicity, (vi) acceptability, (vii) stability, (viii) utility, and (ix) sustainability. Each attribute was evaluated using pre-defined indicators. For each indicator we obtained the proportion (expressed as percentage) of the outcome of interest over the total. A scale from 1 to 3 was used to provide a score for each attribute as follows: < 60% (as obtained in the calculation above) scored 1 (weak performance); 60-79% scored 2 (moderate performance); ≥80% scored 3 (good performance). An overall score for each attribute and the ISS was obtained by averaging the scores of all evaluated attributes. RESULTS The overall mean score for the ISS in Zambia was 2.6. Key strengths of the system were the quality of data generated (score: 2.9), its flexibility (score: 3.0) especially to monitor viral pathogens other than influenza viruses, its simplicity (score: 2.8), acceptability (score: 3.0) and stability (score: 2.6) over the review period and its relatively low cost ($310,000 per annum). Identified weaknesses related mainly to geographic representativeness (score: 2.0), timeliness (score: 2.5), especially in shipment of samples from remote sites, and sustainability (score: 1.0) in the absence of external funds. CONCLUSIONS The system performed moderately well in our evaluation. Key improvements would include improvements in the timeliness of samples shipments and geographical coverage. However, these improvements would result in increased cost and logistical complexity. The ISSS in Zambia is largely reliant on external funds and the acceptability of maintaining the surveillance system through national funds would require evaluation.

中文翻译:

2011-2017年对赞比亚流感哨兵监测系统的评估。

背景技术在过去的十年中,已经在包括赞比亚在内的几个非洲国家建立了流感监测。但是,关于非洲已建立的流感监测系统的数据质量和可靠性的信息有限。此类信息将使各国能够评估其监测系统的性能,查明有待改进的地方,并为决策和公共卫生干预措施的数据可靠性提供证据。方法我们使用疾病控制和预防中心指南,使用9个属性评估2011-2017年赞比亚流感监测系统(ISS)的性能:(i)数据质量和完整性,(ii)及时性,(iii)代表性,(iv)灵活性,(v)简单性,(vi)可接受性,(vii)稳定性,(viii)实用性和(ix)可持续性。使用预定义指标评估每个属性。对于每个指标,我们获得了感兴趣的结果占总数的比例(表示为百分比)。从1到3的等级为每个属性提供得分,如下所示:<60%(从上面的计算中获得)得分1(表现差);60-79%的得分为2(中等水平);≥80%得分3(良好表现)。每个属性和ISS的总体得分是通过平均所有评估属性的得分获得的。结果赞比亚国际空间站的总体平均得分为2.6。该系统的主要优势是生成的数据质量(得分:2.9),灵活性(得分:3.0),尤其是用于监视除流感病毒以外的病毒病原体,其简单性(得分:2.8),可接受性(得分:3.0)和稳定性。 (得分:2。6)在审查期间及其相对较低的成本(每年310,000美元)。已发现的弱点主要与地理代表性(得分:2.0),及时性(得分:2.5)有关,尤其是在从远程站点运送样品时,以及在没有外部资金的情况下的可持续性(得分:1.0)。结论该系统在我们的评估中表现良好。关键的改进将包括改善样品运输的及时性和地理覆盖范围。但是,这些改进将导致成本增加和物流复杂性增加。赞比亚的ISSS主要依靠外部资金,通过国家资金维持监视系统的可接受性需要评估。已发现的弱点主要与地理代表性(得分:2.0),及时性(得分:2.5)有关,尤其是在从远程站点运送样品时,以及在没有外部资金的情况下的可持续性(得分:1.0)。结论该系统在我们的评估中表现良好。关键的改进将包括改进样品运输的及时性和地理覆盖范围。但是,这些改进将导致成本增加和物流复杂性增加。赞比亚的ISSS主要依靠外部资金,通过国家资金维持监视系统的可接受性需要评估。已发现的弱点主要与地理代表性(得分:2.0),及时性(得分:2.5)有关,尤其是在从远程站点运送样品时,以及在没有外部资金的情况下的可持续性(得分:1.0)。结论该系统在我们的评估中表现良好。关键的改进将包括改进样品运输的及时性和地理覆盖范围。但是,这些改进将导致成本增加和物流复杂性增加。赞比亚的ISSS主要依靠外部资金,通过国家资金维持监视系统的可接受性需要评估。结论该系统在我们的评估中表现良好。关键的改进将包括改进样品运输的及时性和地理覆盖范围。但是,这些改进将导致成本增加和物流复杂性增加。赞比亚的ISSS主要依靠外部资金,通过国家资金维持监视系统的可接受性需要评估。结论该系统在我们的评估中表现良好。关键的改进将包括改进样品运输的及时性和地理覆盖范围。但是,这些改进将导致成本增加和物流复杂性增加。赞比亚的ISSS主要依靠外部资金,通过国家资金维持监视系统的可接受性需要评估。
更新日期:2020-01-13
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