Polymer nanocomposites reinforced with carbon-based nanofillers are gaining increasing interest for a number of applications due to their excellent properties. The understanding of the reinforcing mechanisms is, therefore, very important for the maximization of performance. This present review summarizes the current literature status on the mechanical properties of composites reinforced with graphene-related materials (GRMs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and identifies the parameters that clearly affect the mechanical properties of the final materials. It is also shown how Raman spectroscopy can be utilized for the understanding of the stress transfer efficiency from the matrix to the reinforcement and it can even be used to map stress and strain in graphene. Importantly, it is demonstrated clearly that continuum micromechanics that was initially developed for fibre-reinforced composites is still applicable at the nanoscale for both GRMs and CNTs. Finally, current problems and future perspectives are discussed.

中文翻译：

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聚合物纳米复合材料中石墨烯和碳纳米管的机械增强机理。

用碳基纳米填料增强的聚合物纳米复合材料因其优异的性能而受到越来越多的关注。因此，对于增强性能的理解对于最大化性能非常重要。这篇综述总结了有关石墨烯相关材料（GRM）和碳纳米管（CNTs）增强的复合材料的机械性能的文献资料，并确定了明显影响最终材料机械性能的参数。还显示了如何使用拉曼光谱法来了解从基体到增强物的应力转移效率，甚至可以用来绘制石墨烯中的应力和应变图。重要的，清楚地表明，最初为纤维增强复合材料开发的连续体微力学仍然适用于纳米级的GRM和CNT。最后，讨论了当前的问题和未来的前景。