BACKGROUND Emotion regulation is important for cocaine addiction treatment success, particularly during early abstinence. In addition, the neural underpinnings of emotion processing overlap with those of motivation and goal-directed behavior. We examined if the neural underpinnings of emotion maintenance and its regulation correlate with cocaine treatment motivation. METHODS Forty-five cocaine dependent individuals (CDIs) starting outpatient treatment in a public specialized addiction treatment clinic in Granada (Spain) underwent fMRI scans while performing a Reappraisal task, and completed the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale (URICA), to measure treatment motivation. We conducted correlation analyses to examine the association between emotion maintenance and regulation related brain activation and URICA's Readiness to Change scores. We also explored links between Emotional reports during the fMRI reappraisal task, duration of abstinence, and anxiety and depression symptoms. RESULTS Readiness to Change scores were positively correlated with activations in the right dorsolateral prefrontal and right parietal cortices, the midbrain (p ≤ 0.001, cluster extents ≥109 voxels), and basolateral amygdala (PFWE-SVC<0.05), while negatively with emotion maintenance related activation in the same cortical areas and activations in the dorsomedial frontal cortex, the nucleus accumbens and the left fusiform gyrus. Emotional reactivity negatively correlated with right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex reappraisal related activation (r= -0.40, p = 0.007), and the Regulate score positively correlated with the left fusiform gyrus emotion maintenance related activation (r = 0.31, p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Emotional related activation in frontoparietal, accumbens, fusiform, amygdala and midbrain regions engaged during emotion regulation and its maintenance correlate with early treatment motivation in CDIs.

中文翻译：

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负性情绪调节与受治疗可卡因依赖者的变化动机之间的神经接口。

背景技术情绪调节对于可卡因成瘾治疗的成功非常重要，特别是在早期戒酒期间。此外，情感处理的神经基础与动机和目标导向的行为相重叠。我们检查了情绪维持及其调节的神经基础是否与可卡因治疗动机相关。方法在西班牙格拉纳达的一家公共成瘾治疗诊所开始门诊治疗的四十五名可卡因依赖者（CDI）在执行重新评估任务的同时进行了fMRI扫描，并完成了罗德岛大学变化评估量表（URICA）的测量治疗动机。我们进行了相关分析，以检验情绪维持与与调节有关的大脑激活与URICA'之间的关联。准备更改分数。我们还探索了功能磁共振成像重新评估任务期间的情绪报告，禁欲时间，焦虑和抑郁症状之间的联系。结果改变准备就绪评分与右背外侧前额叶和右顶皮质，中脑（p≤0.001，簇范围≥109体素）和基底外侧杏仁核（PFWE-SVC <0.05）的激活呈正相关，而与情绪维持呈负相关相关的激活在相同的皮质区域和激活在背侧额叶皮层，伏隔核和左梭状回。情绪反应与右背外侧前额叶皮层重新评估相关的激活呈负相关（r = -0.40，p = 0.007），调节分数与左梭状回情感维持相关的激活呈正相关（r = 0.31，p = 0.04）。结论在情绪调节过程中参与的额顶，伏隔，梭形，杏仁核和中脑区域的情绪相关激活及其维持与CDIs的早期治疗动机有关。