OBJECTIVES Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have deficits in lower-limb functions such as gait, which involves both cognitive and motor dysfunction. In PD, theta and beta brain rhythms are associated with cognitive and motor functions, respectively. We tested the hypothesis that PD patients with lower-limb abnormalities would exhibit abnormal theta and beta rhythms in the mid-frontal cortical region during lower-limb action. METHODS This study included thirty-nine participants; 13 PD patients with FOG (PDFOG+), 13 without FOG (PDFOG-), and 13 demographically-matched controls. We recorded scalp electroencephalograms (EEG) during a lower-limb pedaling motor task, which required intentional initiation and stopping of a motor movement. RESULTS FOG scores were correlated with disease severity and cognition. PDFOG+ patients pedaled with reduced speed and decreased acceleration compared to PDFOG- patients and controls. PDFOG+ patients exhibited attenuated theta-band (4-8 Hz) power and increased beta-band (13-30 Hz) power at mid-frontal electrode Cz during pedaling. Frontal theta- and beta-band oscillations also correlated with motor and cognitive deficits. CONCLUSION Frontal theta and beta oscillations are predictors of lower-limb motor symptoms in PD and could be used to design neuromodulation for PD-related lower-limb abnormalities. SIGNIFICANCE These data provide insight into mechanisms of lower-limb dysfunction in PD with FOG.

中文翻译：

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帕金森病下肢运动过程中的额叶θ和β振荡

目的 帕金森病 (PD) 患者的下肢功能存在缺陷，例如步态，包括认知和运动功能障碍。在 PD 中，theta 和 beta 脑节律分别与认知和运动功能相关。我们测试了以下假设：下肢异常的 PD 患者在下肢动作期间会在中额叶皮质区域表现出异常的 theta 和 beta 节律。方法 本研究包括 39 名参与者；13 名患有 FOG (PDFOG+) 的 PD 患者，13 名没有 FOG (PDFOG-) 和 13 名人口统计学匹配的对照。我们在下肢蹬踏运动任务期间记录了头皮脑电图 (EEG)，这需要有意启动和停止运动运动。结果 FOG 评分与疾病严重程度和认知相关。与 PDFOG- 患者和对照组相比，PDFOG+ 患者的踏板速度降低，加速度降低。PDFOG+ 患者在蹬踏过程中表现出减弱的 theta 波段 (4-8 Hz) 功率和增加的中额电极 Cz 的 β 波段 (13-30 Hz) 功率。额叶 theta 和 beta 波段振荡也与运动和认知缺陷相关。结论 额叶 theta 和 beta 振荡是 PD 下肢运动症状的预测因子，可用于设计 PD 相关下肢异常的神经调节。意义这些数据提供了对 FOG 患者下肢功能障碍机制的深入了解。额叶 theta 和 beta 波段振荡也与运动和认知缺陷相关。结论 额叶 theta 和 beta 振荡是 PD 下肢运动症状的预测因子，可用于设计 PD 相关下肢异常的神经调节。意义这些数据提供了对 FOG 患者下肢功能障碍机制的深入了解。额叶 theta 和 beta 波段振荡也与运动和认知缺陷相关。结论 额叶 theta 和 beta 振荡是 PD 下肢运动症状的预测因子，可用于设计 PD 相关下肢异常的神经调节。意义这些数据提供了对 FOG 患者下肢功能障碍机制的深入了解。