Autophagy is a major degradation pathway where double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes deliver cytoplasmic content to the lysosome. Increasing evidence suggests that autophagy dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, misfolded proteins that accumulate in these diseases and constitute a common pathological hallmark are substrates for autophagic degradation. Astrocytes, a major type of glial cells, are emerging as a critical component in most neurodegenerative diseases. This review will summarize the recent efforts to investigate the role that autophagy plays in astrocytes in the context of neurodegenerative diseases. While the field has mostly focused on the implications of autophagy in neurons, autophagy may also be involved in the clearance of disease-related proteins in astrocytes as well as in maintaining astrocyte function, which could impact the cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous contribution of astrocytes to neurodegeneration.

中文翻译：

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星形胶质细胞中的自噬及其对神经变性的影响。

自噬是一种主要的降解途径，其中称为自噬体的双膜囊泡向溶酶体传递细胞质含量。越来越多的证据表明自噬功能障碍是神经退行性疾病的发病机理。另外，在这些疾病中积累并构成共同病理特征的错误折叠的蛋白质是自噬降解的底物。星形胶质细胞是神经胶质细胞的主要类型，在大多数神经退行性疾病中正作为一种重要的成分出现。这篇综述将总结最近的研究，以研究自噬在神经退行性疾病中在星形胶质细胞中的作用。尽管该领域主要关注神经元自噬的影响，