Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is potentially the most dangerous form of skin tumor and causes 90% of skin cancer mortality. A unique collaboration of multidisciplinary experts from the European Dermatology Forum (EDF), the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), and the European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) was formed to make recommendations on CM diagnosis and treatment, based on systematic literature reviews and the experts' experience. The diagnosis of melanoma can be made clinically and shall always be confirmed through dermatoscopy. If a melanoma is suspected, a histopathological examination is required. Sequential digital dermatoscopy and full-body photography can be used in risk persons to detect the development of melanomas at an earlier stage. Where available, confocal reflectance microscopy can improve clinical diagnosis in special cases. Melanoma shall be classified according to the 8th version of the AJCC classification. Thin melanomas up to 0.8 mm tumor thickness does not require further imaging diagnostics. From stage IB onwards, examinations with lymph node sonography are recommended, but no further imaging examinations. From stage IIC whole-body examinations with CT or PET-CT in combination with brain MRI are recommended. From stage III and higher, mutation testing is recommended, particularly for BRAF V600 mutation. It is important to provide a structured follow-up to detect relapses and secondary primary melanomas as early as possible. There is no evidence to support the frequency and extent of examinations. A stage-based follow-up scheme is proposed, which, according to the experience of the guideline group, covers the minimum requirements; further studies may be considered. This guideline is valid until the end of 2021.

中文翻译：

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基于欧洲共识的黑色素瘤跨学科指南。第1部分：诊断-更新2019。

皮肤黑素瘤（CM）可能是皮肤肿瘤的最危险形式，可导致90％的皮肤癌死亡率。由欧洲皮肤病学论坛（EDF），欧洲皮肤肿瘤学会（EADO）和欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织（EORTC）的多学科专家组成的独特合作旨在为CM诊断和治疗提出建议，基于系统的文献综述和专家的经验。黑色素瘤的诊断可以在临床上进行，并且必须始终通过皮肤镜检查加以确认。如果怀疑黑色素瘤，则需要组织病理学检查。顺序数字皮肤镜检查和全身摄影可用于危险人群，以便在早期发现黑素瘤的发展。如果有的话，共聚焦反射显微镜可以改善特殊情况下的临床诊断。黑色素瘤应根据AJCC分类的第8版进行分类。肿瘤厚度不超过0.8 mm的黑色素瘤不需要进一步的影像学诊断。从IB期开始，建议进行淋巴结超声检查，但不再进行影像学检查。从IIC阶段开始，建议使用CT或PET-CT结合脑部MRI进行全身检查。从III期开始，建议进行突变测试，尤其是对于BRAF V600突变。重要的是要进行结构化的随访，以尽早发现复发和继发性原发性黑色素瘤。没有证据支持检查的频率和程度。提出了基于阶段的跟踪方案，根据指导小组的经验，涵盖最低要求；可以考虑进一步研究。该指南的有效期至2021年年底。