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A single dose of a vesicular stomatitis virus-based influenza vaccine confers rapid protection against H5 viruses from different clades.
npj Vaccines ( IF 9.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-10 , DOI: 10.1038/s41541-019-0155-z
Wakako Furuyama 1 , Pierce Reynolds 1, 2 , Elaine Haddock 1 , Kimberly Meade-White 1 , Mai Quynh Le 3 , Yoshihiro Kawaoka 4, 5 , Heinz Feldmann 1 , Andrea Marzi 1
Affiliation  

The avian influenza virus outbreak in 1997 highlighted the potential of the highly pathogenic H5N1 virus to cause severe disease in humans. Therefore, effective vaccines against H5N1 viruses are needed to counter the potential threat of a global pandemic. We have previously developed a fast-acting and efficacious vaccine against Ebola virus (EBOV) using the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) platform. In this study, we generated recombinant VSV-based H5N1 influenza virus vectors to demonstrate the feasibility of this platform for a fast-acting pan-H5 influenza virus vaccine. We chose multiple approaches regarding antigen design and genome location to define a more optimized vaccine approach. After the VSV-based H5N1 influenza virus constructs were recovered and characterized in vitro, mice were vaccinated by a single dose or prime/boost regimen followed by challenge with a lethal dose of the homologous H5 clade 1 virus. We found that a single dose of VSV vectors expressing full-length hemagglutinin (HAfl) were sufficient to provide 100% protection. The vaccine vectors were fast-acting as demonstrated by uniform protection when administered 3 days prior to lethal challenge. Moreover, single vaccination induced cross-protective H5-specific antibodies and protected mice against lethal challenge with various H5 clade 2 viruses, highlighting the potential of the VSV-based HAfl as a pan-H5 influenza virus emergency vaccine.

中文翻译:

单剂基于水疱性口炎病毒的流感疫苗可提供针对来自不同进化枝的 H5 病毒的快速保护。

1997 年的禽流感病毒爆发凸显了高致病性 H5N1 病毒在人类中引起严重疾病的潜力。因此,需要针对 H5N1 病毒的有效疫苗来应对全球大流行的潜在威胁。我们之前已经使用水泡性口炎病毒 (VSV) 平台开发了一种针对埃博拉病毒 (EBOV) 的速效有效疫苗。在本研究中,我们生成了基于 VSV 的重组 H5N1 流感病毒载体,以证明该平台用于快速作用的泛 H5 流感病毒疫苗的可行性。我们选择了多种关于抗原设计和基因组定位的方法来定义更优化的疫苗方法。在体外回收和表征基于 VSV 的 H5N1 流感病毒构建体后,小鼠通过单剂量或初免/加强方案接种疫苗,然后用致死剂量的同源 H5 进化枝 1 病毒进行攻击。我们发现表达全长血凝素 (HAfl) 的单剂量 VSV 载体足以提供 100% 的保护。当在致死攻击前 3 天施用时,疫苗载体是快速起效的,如通过均匀保护所证明的。此外,单次接种可诱导交叉保护性 H5 特异性抗体并保护小鼠免受各种 H5 进化枝 2 病毒的致命攻击,突出了基于 VSV 的 Hafl 作为泛 H5 流感病毒紧急疫苗的潜力。当在致死攻击前 3 天施用时,疫苗载体是快速起效的,如通过均匀保护所证明的。此外,单次接种可诱导交叉保护性 H5 特异性抗体并保护小鼠免受各种 H5 进化枝 2 病毒的致命攻击,突出了基于 VSV 的 Hafl 作为泛 H5 流感病毒紧急疫苗的潜力。当在致死攻击前 3 天施用时,疫苗载体是快速起效的,如通过均匀保护所证明的。此外,单次接种可诱导交叉保护性 H5 特异性抗体并保护小鼠免受各种 H5 进化枝 2 病毒的致命攻击,突出了基于 VSV 的 Hafl 作为泛 H5 流感病毒紧急疫苗的潜力。
更新日期:2020-01-10
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