Cases of chronic kidney disease (CKD), including CKD in pregnant women, have increased globally in recent years. CKD during pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of adverse outcomes, including gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and preterm birth, among others. Nutrition plays a significant role in many metabolic and physiological changes during pregnancy. Women with CKD are at increased risk of nutrition deficiencies and metabolic issues than women without CKD. Currently, we lack evidence regarding metabolic and nutritional adaptations during pregnancy in women with CKD and how these adaptations relate to perinatal outcomes. In this review, dietary and supplementation recommendations for CKD in adults and pregnant women are summarized from current clinical guidelines. We present the main nutrition care practices that have been studied in CKD pregnancies. This review will be helpful to health professionals as a preliminary reference for nutrition assessment and therapy in pregnant women with CKD.

中文翻译：

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妊娠期慢性肾脏疾病的营养保健：最新评论。

近年来，包括孕妇在内的慢性肾脏疾病（CKD）病例在全球范围内呈上升趋势。怀孕期间的CKD与较高的不良后果风险相关，包括妊娠高血压，先兆子痫，子宫内生长受限和早产等。营养在怀孕期间的许多代谢和生理变化中起着重要作用。与没有CKD的女性相比，患有CKD的女性营养缺乏和代谢问题的风险增加。目前，我们缺乏有关CKD妇女妊娠期间代谢和营养适应以及这些适应与围产期结局如何相关的证据。在这篇综述中，从当前的临床指南中总结了成人和孕妇CKD的饮食和补充建议。我们介绍了已在CKD妊娠中研究的主要营养保健实践。这项审查将有助于健康专业人员，作为CKD孕妇营养评估和治疗的初步参考。