Rational designs of the conductive layer below photocatalytic films determine the efficiency of a photoanode for solar water oxidation. Generally, transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) are widely used as a conductive layer. In this mini review, the fundamentals of TCOs are explained and typical examples of nanoscale TCOs are presented for application in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation. In addition, hybrid structures formed by coating other photocatalysts on nanoscale TCOs are discussed. In the future, the nanostructured electrode may inspire the design of a series of optoelectronic applications.

中文翻译：

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用于太阳能水氧化的光阳极中的透明导电氧化物

光催化膜下方导电层的合理设计决定了光阳极对太阳能水氧化的效率。通常，透明导电氧化物（TCO）被广泛用作导电层。在这篇小型综述中，解释了 TCO 的基本原理，并介绍了纳米级 TCO 的典型示例，用于光电化学 (PEC) 水氧化中的应用。此外，还讨论了通过在纳米级 TCO 上涂覆其他光催化剂形成的混合结构。未来，纳米结构电极可能会激发一系列光电应用的设计。