Abstract Understanding sources of variability in larval supply and transport is integral to the dynamics, structure and effective management of marine populations and communities. Yet, a barrier to this understanding is the high variability in the supply and transport of marine larvae, especially in upwelling regions where wind forcing causes dynamic circulation. Since larvae of many species complete development close to shore, resolving the relationship between oceanographic processes and nearshore larval assemblages is essential to better understand larval transport in highly productive upwelling regions. The goal of our study was to examine the effects of variation in upwelling and relaxation dynamics on the nearshore larval assemblage in northern Monterey Bay. To determine how seasonal and daily upwelling and relaxation dynamics influence the nearshore larval assemblage, we surveyed distributions of marine larvae and physical, environmental factors along a cross-shelf transect in northern Monterey Bay, USA, during August and October of 2013. Conditions in August and October differed in temperature, salinity, stratification, and chlorophyll-a fluorescence. Richness and diversity of the larval assemblage did not change appreciably, but the abundance and composition of species shifted after the influx of offshore waters. Specifically, nearshore taxa were more abundant during August, which was characterized by strong upwelling conditions, and especially more abundant with increased wind forcing leading to a retentive upwelling shadow in the northern bay. Conversely, offshore taxa were more abundant during October, which was characterized by weakened upwelling and the persistent influx of offshore water. Our study suggests that relationships between larval taxa, life history characteristics, and water types provide insights into water mass history, circulation and larval recruitment in highly dynamic upwelling regions.

中文翻译：

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季节性和天气海洋学变化影响持续上升流阴影的幼虫生物多样性

摘要 了解幼虫供应和运输变异的来源对于海洋种群和群落的动态、结构和有效管理是不可或缺的。然而，这种理解的一个障碍是海洋幼虫的供应和运输的高度可变性，特别是在风力驱动导致动态环流的上升流区域。由于许多物种的幼虫在靠近海岸的地方完成发育，因此解决海洋学过程与近岸幼虫组合之间的关系对于更好地了解高产上升流地区的幼虫运输至关重要。我们研究的目的是检查上升流和松弛动力学的变化对蒙特利湾北部近岸幼虫组合的影响。为了确定季节性和每日上升流和弛豫动力学如何影响近岸幼虫组合，我们在 2013 年 8 月和 10 月期间调查了美国蒙特雷湾北部跨大陆架横断面上的海洋幼虫分布和物理、环境因素。 8 月的条件和 10 月在温度、盐度、分层和叶绿素-a 荧光方面有所不同。幼虫组合的丰富度和多样性没有明显变化，但在近海水域涌入后物种的丰度和组成发生了变化。具体而言，近岸类群在 8 月份较为丰富，其特点是上升流条件强烈，特别是随着风力增加导致北部湾持续上升流阴影更加丰富。反过来，近海类群在 10 月份更为丰富，其特点是上升流减弱和近海水的持续涌入。我们的研究表明，幼虫分类群、生活史特征和水类型之间的关系提供了对高度动态上升流区域水团历史、循环和幼虫补充的见解。