Background Identifying and addressing heavy drinking represents a major public health priority worldwide. Whilst the majority of alcohol screening and brief intervention (ASBI) research has been conducted in western, high-income countries, evidence is growing that ASBI can also impact positively on heavy drinkers in low- and middle-income country populations. This mixed methods study aims to assess the feasibility of conducting a fully randomised controlled trial of the effectiveness of ASBI in primary care in Kazakhstan and explore the feasibility and acceptability of implementing ASBI in this setting from patients' and physicians' perspectives. Methods Six primary health care units in the region of Pavlodar will be cluster randomised to either an intervention (WHO manualised 5 min alcohol brief intervention plus alcohol leaflet) or control group (simple feedback plus alcohol leaflet). Primary feasibility measures will be rates of participation at baseline and retention of eligible patients at the 3-month follow-up point. Patient/physician questionnaires and physician focus groups will assess additional dimensions of feasibility, as well as acceptability, according to the RE-AIM framework: Reach (rates of eligible patients screened/received advice); Effectiveness (change in AUDIT-C score); Adoption (rate/representativeness of participating physicians); Implementation (quality of ASBI/barriers and facilitators to delivery); and Maintenance (potential sustainability of intervention). Discussion This is the first trial of the feasibility and acceptability of ASBI in Kazakhstan. As the planning and assessment of implementation determinants is based on the RE-AIM framework, the project outcomes will be relevant for the future development, tailoring and implementation of ASBI in Kazakhstan. Trial registration DRKS, DRKS00015882, Registered 17 December 2018.

中文翻译：

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哈萨克斯坦初级卫生保健中酒精筛查和简短干预的可行性：试验性集群随机试验的研究方案。

背景 识别和解决酗酒问题是世界范围内的一项重大公共卫生优先事项。虽然大多数酒精筛查和短期干预 (ASBI) 研究都是在西方高收入国家进行的，但越来越多的证据表明，ASBI 也可以对低收入和中等收入国家的重度饮酒者产生积极影响。这项混合方法研究旨在评估在哈萨克斯坦进行 ASBI 在初级保健中的有效性的完全随机对照试验的可行性，并从患者和医生的角度探讨在这种情况下实施 ASBI 的可行性和可接受性。方法 巴甫洛达尔地区的六个初级卫生保健单位将随机分组到干预组（WHO 手动 5 分钟酒精简短干预加酒精宣传单）或对照组（简单反馈加酒精宣传单）。主要可行性措施将是基线时的参与率和 3 个月随访时符合条件的患者的保留率。根据 RE-AIM 框架，患者/医生问卷和医生焦点小组将评估可行性和可接受性的其他维度：有效性（AUDIT-C 分数的变化）；采用（参与医生的比率/代表性）；实施（ASBI 的质量/交付障碍和促进因素）；和维护（干预的潜在可持续性）。讨论 这是哈萨克斯坦首次对 ASBI 的可行性和可接受性进行试验。由于实施决定因素的规划和评估基于 RE-AIM 框架，因此项目成果将与哈萨克斯坦 ASBI 的未来开发、定制和实施相关。试用注册 DRKS，DRKS00015882，2018 年 12 月 17 日注册。