Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a major cause of acute hepatitis and jaundice worldwide.1 HEV genotypes (gt) 1 and 2 are transmitted through the faecal-oral route and cause primarily waterborne epidemics, whereas the zoonotic gt 3 and 4 are transmitted via the consumption of undercooked or raw pork or game meat. Infection of immunocompromised patients with HEV gt 3 may result in chronic hepatitis E and the development of cirrhosis. Beyond liver disease, HEV can cause a number of extrahepatic manifestations, including neurological complications such as neuralgic amyotrophy and Guillain-Barre syndrome. Very similar to hepatitis A virus (HAV), HEV harbours a positive-strand RNA genome, and both are found as so-called quasi-enveloped virions in blood and as naked virions in bile and faeces.2 Although HEV is known to be enterically transmitted, there was limited evidence for infection of the gastrointestinal tract. In a study published in this journal, Marion et al addressed this question by the development of different cell culture systems, including primary human small intestinal epithelial cells, polarised primary enterocytes and intestinal tissue specimens obtained from small bowel resections.3 Using primary HEV gt 1 and 3 isolates from stool samples of patients with hepatitis E as well as virus derived from the gt 3 Kernow-C1 p6 clone, the …

中文翻译：

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戊型肝炎病毒通过肠道找到它的路径

戊型肝炎病毒 (HEV) 感染是世界范围内急性肝炎和黄疸的主要原因。1 HEV 基因型 (gt) 1 和 2 通过粪口途径传播并主要引起水源性流行病，而人畜共患病 gt 3 和 4 则通过粪口途径传播通过食用未煮熟或未煮熟的猪肉或野味肉。感染 HEV gt 3 的免疫功能低下患者可能导致慢性戊型肝炎和肝硬化的发展。除了肝脏疾病，HEV 还可引起多种肝外表现，包括神经系统并发症，如神经痛性肌萎缩和格林-巴利综合征。与甲型肝炎病毒 (HAV) 非常相似，HEV 具有正链 RNA 基因组，并且两者都被发现为血液中所谓的准包膜病毒粒子以及胆汁和粪便中的裸病毒粒子。 2 虽然已知 HEV 是肠道病毒传输，胃肠道感染的证据有限。在本期刊发表的一项研究中，Marion 等人通过开发不同的细胞培养系统解决了这个问题，包括原代人类小肠上皮细胞、极化原代肠上皮细胞和小肠切除术获得的肠道组织标本。 3 使用原代 HEV gt 1和来自戊型肝炎患者粪便样本的 3 个分离物以及源自 gt 3 Kernow-C1 p6 克隆的病毒，…