Studies of the adult Drosophila midgut have led to many insights in our understanding of cell-type diversity, stem cell regeneration, tissue homeostasis, and cell fate decision. Advances in single-cell RNA sequencing provide opportunities to identify new cell types and molecular features. We used single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize the transcriptome of midgut epithelial cells and identified 22 distinct clusters representing intestinal stem cells, enteroblasts, enteroendocrine cells (EEs), and enterocytes. This unbiased approach recovered most of the known intestinal stem cells/enteroblast and EE markers, highlighting the high quality of the dataset, and led to insights on intestinal stem cell biology, cell type-specific organelle features, the roles of new transcription factors in progenitors and regional variation along the gut, 5 additional EE gut hormones, EE hormonal expression diversity, and paracrine function of EEs. To facilitate mining of this rich dataset, we provide a web-based resource for visualization of gene expression in single cells. Altogether, our study provides a comprehensive resource for addressing functions of genes in the midgut epithelium.

中文翻译：

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成年果蝇中肠细胞图谱。

对成人果蝇中肠的研究在我们对细胞类型多样性，干细胞再生，组织稳态和细胞命运决定的理解中产生了许多见解。单细胞RNA测序的进步为鉴定新的细胞类型和分子特征提供了机会。我们使用单细胞RNA测序来表征中肠上皮细胞的转录组，并鉴定出代表肠干细胞，成肠细胞，肠内分泌细胞（EEs）和肠上皮细胞的22个不同簇。这种无偏见的方法恢复了大多数已知的肠道干细胞/成骨细胞和EE标记，突出了数据集的高质量，并引起了对肠道干细胞生物学，特定细胞类型细胞器特征，新转录因子在祖细胞中的作用的见解。和肠道的局部变化，另外5种EE肠激素，EE激素表达多样性和EE旁分泌功能。为了便于挖掘这个丰富的数据集，我们提供了一个基于Web的资源，用于可视化单个细胞中的基因表达。总之，我们的研究提供了解决中肠上皮基因功能的综合资源。