Covalent-organic-frameworks (COFs) are an emerging class of porous materials with fascinating structural features desired for a wide spectrum of applications. However, the potential sensing applications of COFs are hindered by their hydrophobic nature, as well as limited detection speed and sensing sensitivity. We report a fluorescent self-propelled COF as a microsensor for highly efficient nitro explosive detection. Together with MnO₂ microsphere catalysts and magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, the fluorescent COF is built in biodegradable polymeric spheres. The resulting microsensors can exhibit magnetically guided autonomous motion in aqueous solution. Fluorescence quenching of the microsensors is observed upon their navigation in solutions with trace amounts of explosives. Continuous mixing induced by the bubble propulsion of microsensors greatly shortens the sensing time to several minutes. We anticipate the presented strategy would provide implications for sensing applications of COFs.

共价有机框架（COF）是一类新兴的多孔材料，具有广泛应用所需的迷人结构特征。但是，COFs的潜在传感应用受到其疏水性，检测速度和传感灵敏度有限的阻碍。我们报告了荧光自走式COF作为高效硝基爆炸物检测的微传感器。与MnO ₂微球催化剂和磁性Fe ₃ O _{4一起使用}在纳米颗粒中，荧光COF内置在可生物降解的聚合物球中。所得的微传感器可以在水溶液中表现出磁性引导的自主运动。微传感器在含有痕量炸药的溶液中航行时会观察到荧光猝灭。由微传感器的气泡推进引起的连续混合将传感时间大大缩短至几分钟。我们预计，提出的策略将对COF的传感应用产生影响。