Fruit neck length (FNL) is an important quality trait in cucumber because it directly affects its market value. However, its genetic basis remains largely unknown. We identified a candidate gene for FNL in cucumber using a next‐generation sequencing‐based bulked segregant analysis in F₂ populations, derived from a cross between Jin5‐508 (long necked) and YN (short necked). A quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 7, Fnl7.1 , was identified through a genome‐wide comparison of single nucleotide polymorphisms between long and short FNL F₂ pools, and it was confirmed by traditional QTL mapping in multiple environments. Fine genetic mapping, sequences alignment and gene expression analysis revealed that CsFnl7.1 was the most likely candidate Fnl7.1 locus, which encodes a late embryogenesis abundant protein. The increased expression of CsFnl7. 1 in long‐necked Jin5‐508 may be attributed to mutations in the promoter region upstream of the gene body. The function of CsFnl7.1 in FNL control was confirmed by its overexpression in transgenic cucumbers. CsFnl7.1 regulates fruit neck development by modulating cell expansion. Probably, this is achieved through the direct protein–protein interactions between CsFnl7.1 and a dynamin‐related protein CsDRP6 and a germin‐like protein CsGLP1. Geographical distribution differences of the FNL phenotype were found among the different cucumber types. The East Asian and Eurasian cucumber accessions were highly enriched with the long‐necked and short‐necked phenotypes, respectively. A further phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Fnl7.1 locus might have originated from India. Thus, these data support that the CsFnl7.1 has an important role in increasing cucumber FNL.

中文翻译：

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主要影响数量性状基因座Fnl7.1编码与黄瓜果实颈长相关的晚期胚胎发生丰富蛋白。

果实颈长（FNL）是黄瓜的重要品质特征，因为它直接影响其市场价值。但是，其遗传基础仍是未知之数。我们在F ₂种群中使用了基于下一代测序的大体积分离物分析方法，确定了黄瓜中FNL的候选基因，该分析来自Jin5-508（长颈）和YN（短颈）之间的杂交。通过对长和短FNL F ₂库之间的单核苷酸多态性进行全基因组比较，确定了7号染色体Fnl7.1上的定量性状基因座（QTL），并通过在多种环境中进行的传统QTL定位得到了证实。精细的基因定位，序列比对和基因表达分析表明，CsFnl7.1是最可能的候选Fnl7.1基因座，其编码晚期胚胎发生丰富的蛋白质。CsFn17的表达增加。长颈Jin5-508中的1可能归因于基因体上游启动子区域的突变。CsFnl7.1的功能通过在转基因黄瓜中的过表达证实了FNL对照的抗性。CsFnl7.1通过调节细胞膨胀来调节果实颈部的发育。可能是通过CsFnl7.1与动力蛋白相关的蛋白CsDRP6和类似胚芽的蛋白CsGLP1之间的直接蛋白相互作用实现的。在不同黄瓜类型之间发现了FNL表型的地理分布差异。东亚和欧亚黄瓜种分别富含长颈和短颈表型。进一步的系统发育分析表明，Fnl7.1基因座可能起源于印度。因此，这些数据支持CsFnl7.1在增加黄瓜FNL中起重要作用。