Abstract This paper presents an efficient structural optimization approach for shape memory alloys (SMAs) with respect to fatigue. In the proposed method, a nonparametric shape optimization approach based on optimality criteria is applied to change the structural configuration. The design optimization framework is accomplished by relying on commercially available software and tools. In addition, both low- and high-cycle fatigue criteria are used to compute the fatigue factor at each material point, indicating its degree of safeness with respect to fatigue. Meanwhile, a 3D constitutive model is utilized to predict, with good accuracy, the stabilized thermomechanical stress state of a SMA structure subjected to multiaxial nonproportional cyclic loading. Finally, numerical examples are tested to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

中文翻译：

---

SMA 结构的疲劳形状优化

摘要 本文提出了一种针对疲劳的形状记忆合金 (SMA) 的有效结构优化方法。在所提出的方法中，应用基于最优准则的非参数形状优化方法来改变结构配置。设计优化框架是依靠市售的软件和工具完成的。此外，低周和高周疲劳标准都用于计算每个材料点的疲劳系数，表明其疲劳安全程度。同时，利用 3D 本构模型准确地预测了 SMA 结构在多轴非比例循环载荷下的稳定热机械应力状态。最后,通过数值例子验证了所提出方法的有效性。