BACKGROUND The genus Trichococcus currently contains nine species: T. flocculiformis, T. pasteurii, T. palustris, T. collinsii, T. patagoniensis, T. ilyis, T. paludicola, T. alkaliphilus, and T. shcherbakoviae. In general, Trichococcus species can degrade a wide range of carbohydrates. However, only T. pasteurii and a non-characterized strain of Trichococcus, strain ES5, have the capacity of converting glycerol to mainly 1,3-propanediol. Comparative genomic analysis of Trichococcus species provides the opportunity to further explore the physiological potential and uncover novel properties of this genus. RESULTS In this study, a genotype-phenotype comparative analysis of Trichococcus strains was performed. The genome of Trichococcus strain ES5 was sequenced and included in the comparison with the other nine type strains. Genes encoding functions related to e.g. the utilization of different carbon sources (glycerol, arabinan and alginate), antibiotic resistance, tolerance to low temperature and osmoregulation could be identified in all the sequences analysed. T. pasteurii and Trichococcus strain ES5 contain a operon with genes encoding necessary enzymes for 1,3-PDO production from glycerol. All the analysed genomes comprise genes encoding for cold shock domains, but only five of the Trichococcus species can grow at 0 °C. Protein domains associated to osmoregulation mechanisms are encoded in the genomes of all Trichococcus species, except in T. palustris, which had a lower resistance to salinity than the other nine studied Trichococcus strains. CONCLUSIONS Genome analysis and comparison of ten Trichococcus strains allowed the identification of physiological traits related to substrate utilization and environmental stress resistance (e.g. to cold and salinity). Some substrates were used by single species, e.g. alginate by T. collinsii and arabinan by T. alkaliphilus. Strain ES5 may represent a subspecies of Trichococcus flocculiformis and contrary to the type strain (DSM 2094T), is able to grow on glycerol with the production of 1,3-propanediol.

中文翻译：

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基因组引导分析可以鉴定毛球菌属物种的新生理特征。

背景技术毛球菌属目前包含九个种：T. flococliformis、T.pasteurii、T.palustris、T.collinsii、T.patagoniensis、T.ilyis、T.paludicola、T.alkaliphilus和T.shcherbakoviae。一般来说，毛球菌属物种可以降解多种碳水化合物。然而，只有巴斯德木霉和毛球菌的非特征菌株 ES5 菌株具有将甘油主要转化为 1,3-丙二醇的能力。毛球菌属物种的比较基因组分析为进一步探索该属的生理潜力和揭示新特性提供了机会。结果在本研究中，对毛球菌菌株进行了基因型-表型比较分析。对毛球菌 ES5 菌株的基因组进行了测序，并将其纳入与其他 9 种类型菌株的比较中。可以在所有分析的序列中鉴定编码与例如不同碳源（甘油、阿拉伯聚糖和藻酸盐）的利用、抗生素抗性、低温耐受性和渗透调节相关的功能的基因。巴氏巴氏杆菌和毛球菌菌株 ES5 含有操纵子，其基因编码从甘油生产 1,3-PDO 所需的酶。所有分析的基因组均包含编码冷休克结构域的基因，但只有五种毛球菌属物种可以在 0 °C 下生长。与渗透调节机制相关的蛋白质结构域编码在所有毛球菌属物种的基因组中，但沼泽毛球菌除外，其对盐度的抵抗力低于其他九种所研究的毛球菌菌株。结论 对十个毛球菌菌株进行基因组分析和比较，可以鉴定与底物利用和环境胁迫抗性（例如对寒冷和盐度）相关的生理特征。一些底物由单一物种使用，例如 T. collinsii 使用藻酸盐，T. alkalineus 使用阿拉伯聚糖。菌株ES5可能代表絮状毛球菌的一个亚种，与典型菌株(DSM 2094T)相反，它能够在甘油上生长并产生1,3-丙二醇。