Biogenic amines (BAs; 2-phenylethylamine, tyramine, dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, octopamine, histamine, tryptamine, serotonin, agmatine, cadaverine, putrescine, spermidine, spermine and certain aliphatic amines) are widely distributed organic molecules that play basic physiological functions in animals, plants and microorganisms. Pseudomonas species can grow in media containing different BAs as carbon and energy sources, a reason why these bacteria are excellent models for studying such catabolic pathways. In this review, we analyse most of the routes used by different species of Pseudomonas (P. putida, P. aeruginosa, P. entomophila and P. fluorescens) to degrade BAs. Analysis of these pathways has led to the identification of a huge number of genes, catabolic enzymes, transport systems and regulators, as well as to understanding of their hierarchy and functional evolution. Knowledge of these pathways has allowed the design and collection of genetically manipulated microbes useful for eliminating BAs from different sources, highlighting the biotechnological applications of these studies.

中文翻译：

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假单胞菌物种中生物胺的分解代谢。

生物胺（BA； 2-苯基乙胺，酪胺，多巴胺，肾上腺素，去甲肾上腺素，章鱼胺，组胺，色胺，5-羟色胺，胍丁胺，尸胺，腐胺，亚精胺，亚精胺和某些脂肪胺）是在人体中起基本生理功能的有机分子动物，植物和微生物。假单胞菌种可以在含有不同BA作为碳和能量来源的培养基中生长，这就是为什么这些细菌是研究此类分解代谢途径的出色模型的原因。在这篇综述中，我们分析了不同种类的假单胞菌（恶臭假单胞菌，铜绿假单胞菌，嗜虫假单胞菌和荧光假单胞菌）用来降解BAs的大多数途径。对这些途径的分析已导致鉴定出大量基因，分解代谢酶，转运系统和调节剂，以及对它们的层次结构和功能演变的理解。对这些途径的了解使得设计和收集了可从不同来源消除BA的转基因微生物，这凸显了这些研究的生物技术应用。