Abstract To convert ferulic acid into 4-vinylguaiacol (4-VG), Saccharomyces cerevisiae must have intact PAD1 and FDC1 genes. British-type top-fermenting yeast strains have nonsense mutations in both of these genes; whereas, bottom-fermenting yeast strains have a nonsense mutation in their S. cerevisiae-type FDC1, and have lost their S. eubayanus-type FDC1 and PAD1 genes. Here, top-fermenting yeast transformants in which wild-type PAD1 and FDC1 derived from the laboratory yeast S. cerevisiae S288C were inserted in the genome, exhibited ferulic acid decarboxylation activity. Similarly, bottom-fermenting yeast transformants expressing wild-type S. cerevisiae-type FDC1 or S. eubayanus-type FDC1 also exhibited ferulic acid decarboxylation activity. Thus, the lack of ferulic acid decarboxylation activity in bottom-fermenting yeast is due to mutation of the S. cerevisiae-type FDC1 gene, coupled with absence of the S. eubayanus-type FDC1 gene.

中文翻译：

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顶部和底部发酵酵母中 PAD1 和/或 FDC1 的突变和缺失以及酚类异味产生的缺失

摘要 为了将阿魏酸转化为 4-乙烯基愈创木酚 (4-VG)，酿酒酵母必须具有完整的 PAD1 和 FDC1 基因。英国型顶部发酵酵母菌株在这两个基因中都有无义突变；而底部发酵酵母菌株在其酿酒酵母型 FDC1 中存在无义突变，并且失去了真巴鱼型 FDC1 和 PAD1 基因。在这里，在基因组中插入了来自实验室酵母 S. cerevisiae S288C 的野生型 PAD1 和 FDC1 的顶部发酵酵母转化体表现出阿魏酸脱羧活性。类似地，表达野生型酿酒酵母型 FDC1 或 S. eubayanus 型 FDC1 的底部发酵酵母转化体也表现出阿魏酸脱羧活性。因此，