Alcohol consumption is one of the major modifiable risk factors of hypertension. The aim of the present retrospective study was to assess the clinical impact of obesity on the association between alcohol consumption and the incidence of hypertension. The present study included 5116 male and 6077 female university employees with a median age of 32 (interquartile range 27–39) who underwent annual health checkups between January 2005 and March 2013. Self-reported drinking frequency was recorded at their first checkup and categorized into rarely and 1–3, 4–6, and 7 days/week. During the median observational period of 4.9 years (interquartile range 2.1–8.3), hypertension, defined as systolic/diastolic blood pressure of ≥140/90 mmHg and/or self-reported treatment for hypertension, was observed in 1067 (20.9%) men and 384 (6.3%) women. Poisson regression models adjusted for clinically relevant factors revealed a dose-dependent association between drinking frequency and the incidence of hypertension in men (adjusted incidence rate ratio [95% confidence interval] of men who drank rarely, 1–3, 4–6, and 7 days/week was 1.00 [reference], 1.12 [0.97–1.30], 1.42 [1.19–1.70], and 1.35 [1.14–1.59], respectively; P trend < 0.001). However, this association was not observed in women. The dose-dependent association was significant in nonobese men (body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m 2 ), but not in obese men (BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 ) ( P for interaction between drinking frequency and BMI = 0.072). The present study provides clinically useful evidence to identify the drinkers who may reap the health benefits of abstinence from alcohol consumption.

中文翻译：

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体重指数改变男性饮酒频率与高血压发病率之间的关联，但不能改变女性：一项回顾性队列研究

饮酒是高血压的主要可改变危险因素之一。本回顾性研究的目的是评估肥胖对饮酒和高血压发病率之间关联的临床影响。本研究包括在 2005 年 1 月至 2013 年 3 月期间接受年度健康检查的 5116 名男性和 6077 名女性大学雇员，他们的年龄中位数为 32（四分位距为 27-39）。他们在第一次检查时记录了自我报告的饮酒频率，并将其分类为很少，每周 1-3、4-6 和 7 天。在 4.9 年的中位观察期内（四分位距 2.1-8.3），在 1067 名（20.9%）男性中观察到高血压，定义为收缩压/舒张压≥140/90 mmHg 和/或自我报告的高血压治疗和 384 (6.3%) 名女性。针对临床相关因素调整的泊松回归模型显示，饮酒频率与男性高血压发病率之间存在剂量依赖性关联（调整后的发病率比 [95% 置信区间] 很少饮酒的男性，1-3、4-6 和7 天/周分别为 1.00 [参考]、1.12 [0.97-1.30]、1.42 [1.19-1.70] 和 1.35 [1.14-1.59]；P 趋势 < 0.001）。然而，在女性中没有观察到这种关联。剂量依赖性关联在非肥胖男性（体重指数 (BMI) < 25 kg/m 2 ）中显着，但在肥胖男性（BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 ）中不显着（饮酒频率与 BMI 之间的交互作用 P = 0.072 ）。本研究提供了临床上有用的证据，以确定哪些饮酒者可能从戒酒中获得健康益处。