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CLEAN beamforming for the enhanced detection of multiple infrasonic sources
Geophysical Journal International ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 , DOI: 10.1093/gji/ggaa010
Olivier F C den Ouden 1, 2 , Jelle D Assink 1 , Pieter S M Smets 1, 2 , Shahar Shani-Kadmiel 2 , Gil Averbuch 2 , Läslo G Evers 1, 2
Affiliation  

The detection and characterization of signals of interest in the presence of (in)coherent ambient noise is central to the analysis of infrasound array data. Microbaroms have an extended source region and a dynamical character. From the perspective of an infrasound array, these coherent noise sources appear as interfering signals which conventional beamform methods may not correctly resolve. This limits the ability of an infrasound array to dissect the incoming wavefield into individual components. In this paper, this problem will be addressed by proposing a high-resolution beamform technique in combination with the CLEAN algorithm. CLEAN iteratively selects the maximum of the f/k spectrum (i.e., following the Bartlett or Capon method) and removes a percentage of the corresponding signal from the cross-spectral density matrix. In this procedure, the array response is deconvolved from the f/k spectral density function. The spectral peaks are retained in a ’clean’ spectrum. A data-driven stopping criterion for CLEAN is proposed that relies on the framework of Fisher statistics. This allows the construction of an automated algorithm that continuously extracts coherent energy until the point is reached that only incoherent noise is left in the data. CLEAN is tested on a synthetic data-set and is applied to data from multiple IMS infrasound arrays. The results show that the proposed method allows for the identification of multiple microbarom source regions in the Northern Atlantic, that would have remained unidentified if conventional methods had been applied.

中文翻译:

用于增强检测多个次声源的 CLEAN 波束成形

在存在(非)相干环境噪声的情况下检测和表征感兴趣的信号是次声阵列数据分析的核心。微气压具有扩展的源区域和动态特性。从次声阵列的角度来看,这些相干噪声源表现为干扰信号,传统的波束成形方法可能无法正确解析。这限制了次声阵列将传入波场分解为单个分量的能力。在本文中,将通过提出一种高分辨率波束成形技术与 CLEAN 算法相结合来解决这个问题。CLEAN 迭代地选择 f/k 谱的最大值(即,遵循 Bartlett 或 Capon 方法)并从交叉谱密度矩阵中去除相应信号的百分比。在这个程序中,阵列响应从 f/k 谱密度函数去卷积。光谱峰保留在“干净”的光谱中。提出了一种数据驱动的 CLEAN 停止标准,该标准依赖于 Fisher 统计框架。这允许构建自动算法,该算法连续提取相干能量,直到达到仅在数据中留下非相干噪声的点。CLEAN 在合成数据集上进行了测试,并应用于来自多个 IMS 次声阵列的数据。结果表明,所提出的方法可以识别北大西洋的多个微气压源区域,如果应用传统方法,这些区域将无法识别。提出了一种数据驱动的 CLEAN 停止标准,该标准依赖于 Fisher 统计框架。这允许构建自动算法,该算法连续提取相干能量,直到达到仅在数据中留下非相干噪声的点。CLEAN 在合成数据集上进行了测试,并应用于来自多个 IMS 次声阵列的数据。结果表明,所提出的方法可以识别北大西洋的多个微气压源区域,如果应用传统方法,这些区域将无法识别。提出了一种数据驱动的 CLEAN 停止标准,该标准依赖于 Fisher 统计框架。这允许构建自动算法,该算法连续提取相干能量,直到达到仅在数据中留下非相干噪声的点。CLEAN 在合成数据集上进行了测试,并应用于来自多个 IMS 次声阵列的数据。结果表明,所提出的方法可以识别北大西洋的多个微气压源区域,如果应用传统方法,这些区域将无法识别。这允许构建自动算法,该算法连续提取相干能量,直到达到仅在数据中留下非相干噪声的点。CLEAN 在合成数据集上进行了测试,并应用于来自多个 IMS 次声阵列的数据。结果表明,所提出的方法可以识别北大西洋的多个微气压源区域,如果应用传统方法,这些区域将无法识别。这允许构建自动算法,该算法连续提取相干能量,直到达到仅在数据中留下非相干噪声的点。CLEAN 在合成数据集上进行了测试,并应用于来自多个 IMS 次声阵列的数据。结果表明,所提出的方法可以识别北大西洋的多个微气压源区域,如果应用传统方法,这些区域将无法识别。
更新日期:2020-01-08
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