Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths that will occur in the United States and compiles the most recent data on population‐based cancer occurrence. Incidence data (through 2016) were collected by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program; the National Program of Cancer Registries; and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Mortality data (through 2017) were collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2020, 1,806,590 new cancer cases and 606,520 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States. The cancer death rate rose until 1991, then fell continuously through 2017, resulting in an overall decline of 29% that translates into an estimated 2.9 million fewer cancer deaths than would have occurred if peak rates had persisted. This progress is driven by long‐term declines in death rates for the 4 leading cancers (lung, colorectal, breast, prostate); however, over the past decade (2008‐2017), reductions slowed for female breast and colorectal cancers, and halted for prostate cancer. In contrast, declines accelerated for lung cancer, from 3% annually during 2008 through 2013 to 5% during 2013 through 2017 in men and from 2% to almost 4% in women, spurring the largest ever single‐year drop in overall cancer mortality of 2.2% from 2016 to 2017. Yet lung cancer still caused more deaths in 2017 than breast, prostate, colorectal, and brain cancers combined. Recent mortality declines were also dramatic for melanoma of the skin in the wake of US Food and Drug Administration approval of new therapies for metastatic disease, escalating to 7% annually during 2013 through 2017 from 1% during 2006 through 2010 in men and women aged 50 to 64 years and from 2% to 3% in those aged 20 to 49 years; annual declines of 5% to 6% in individuals aged 65 years and older are particularly striking because rates in this age group were increasing prior to 2013. It is also notable that long‐term rapid increases in liver cancer mortality have attenuated in women and stabilized in men. In summary, slowing momentum for some cancers amenable to early detection is juxtaposed with notable gains for other common cancers.

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2020 年癌症统计数据

每年，美国癌症协会都会估计美国将发生的新癌症病例和死亡人数，并汇编有关基于人群的癌症发生率的最新数据。发病率数据（到 2016 年）由监测、流行病学和最终结果计划收集；国家癌症登记计划；和北美中央癌症登记协会。死亡率数据（到 2017 年）由国家卫生统计中心收集。2020 年，美国预计将有 1,806,590 例新癌症病例和 606,520 例癌症死亡病例。癌症死亡率上升到 1991 年，然后持续下降到 2017 年，导致总体下降了 29%，这意味着与峰值率持续存在的情况相比，癌症死亡人数估计减少了 290 万。这一进展是由 4 种主要癌症（肺癌、结直肠癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌）的死亡率长期下降推动的；然而，在过去十年（2008-2017 年），女性乳腺癌和结直肠癌的下降速度放缓，前列腺癌的下降速度停止。相比之下，肺癌的下降速度加快，男性从 2008 年到 2013 年的年均 3% 下降到 2013 年到 2017 年的 5%，女性从 2% 下降到近 4%，刺激了有史以来最大的单年癌症死亡率下降。从 2016 年到 2017 年为 2.2%。然而，2017 年肺癌导致的死亡人数仍然超过乳腺癌、前列腺癌、结直肠癌和脑癌的总和。在美国食品和药物管理局批准转移性疾病的新疗法之后，最近皮肤黑色素瘤的死亡率也急剧下降，2013 年至 2017 年期间，50 至 64 岁男性和女性的年增长率从 2006 年至 2010 年的 1% 上升至 7%，而 20 至 49 岁的男性和女性则从 2% 上升至 3%；65 岁及以上人群每年下降 5% 至 6% 尤其惊人，因为该年龄组的发病率在 2013 年之前一直在上升。 同样值得注意的是，女性肝癌死亡率的长期快速增长已经减弱并趋于稳定在男人。总之，一些适合早期发现的癌症的放缓势头与其他常见癌症的显着增长并存。同样值得注意的是，肝癌死亡率的长期快速增长在女性中有所减弱，而在男性中则趋于稳定。总之，一些适合早期发现的癌症的放缓势头与其他常见癌症的显着增长并存。同样值得注意的是，肝癌死亡率的长期快速增长在女性中有所减弱，而在男性中则趋于稳定。总之，一些适合早期发现的癌症的放缓势头与其他常见癌症的显着增长并存。