BACKGROUND The optimal dietary practice is a critical requisite for maternal nutrition. However, the majority of Ethiopian pregnant women have inadequate nutrient intakes. These may be due to their poor dietary habits. Identifying factors affecting the dietary practices of pregnant women is crucial to design appropriate interventions. In this country, the dietary practices of pregnant women and determinants are not well studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the dietary practices and associated factors among pregnant women in West Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 712 pregnant women from May to August 2018. Quantitative data complemented with a qualitative method. Pregnant women were selected using a cluster sampling technique. Structured questionnaires were utilized for data collection. Data were entered into Epi-Info version 7.2.2 and exported to SPSS version 23 software for analysis. Data were described using frequencies and mean. A logistic regression analysis was done. Three focus group discussions and 17 key-informant interviews were conducted for the qualitative data. Focus group discussion participants were mothers, husbands, and health professionals. Typical case and homogeneous sampling techniques were used for the key-informant interviews and focus group discussions, respectively. Thematic analysis was used for the qualitative data. RESULTS Only 19.9% of respondents had appropriate dietary practices. On the multivariable logistic regression analyses, being food secure [AOR = 2.25, 95% CI: (1.1, 4.5)], having high edible crop production [AOR = 2.00, 95% CI: (1.2, 3.2)] and a favorable attitude [AOR = 1.69, 95% CI: (1.1, 2.6)] were significantly associated with the appropriate dietary practices of pregnant women. In the qualitative study, lack of knowledge on maternal diet, cultural prohibition, and knowledge gap of the professionals were barriers that interfere with dietary practices during pregnancy. CONCLUSION Pregnant women in the study area are found to have suboptimal dietary practices. Therefore, health professionals should give regular nutrition counseling using cards and role models for promoting diversified food production and consumption.

中文翻译：

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埃塞俄比亚西北部西Gojjam地区孕妇的饮食习惯及相关因素。

背景技术最佳饮食习惯是孕产妇营养的关键条件。但是，大多数埃塞俄比亚孕妇营养摄入不足。这些可能是由于他们不良的饮食习惯。确定影响孕妇饮食习惯的因素对于设计适当的干预措施至关重要。在这个国家，对孕妇和决定因素的饮食习惯还没有很好的研究。因此，本研究的目的是评估埃塞俄比亚西北部Gojjam地区孕妇的饮食习惯和相关因素。方法自2018年5月至2018年8月，在712名孕妇中进行了基于社区的横断面研究。定量数据与定性方法相辅相成。使用整群抽样技术选择孕妇。结构化的问卷用于数据收集。数据输入Epi-Info版本7.2.2，并导出到SPSS 23版本软件进行分析。使用频率和均值描述数据。进行逻辑回归分析。对定性数据进行了3次焦点小组讨论和17次关键信息访谈。焦点小组讨论的参与者是母亲，丈夫和卫生专业人员。主要案例访谈和焦点小组讨论分别使用了典型案例和同类抽样技术。主题分析用于定性数据。结果只有19.9％的受访者有适当的饮食习惯。在多变量logistic回归分析中，具有食品安全性[AOR = 2.25，95％CI：（1.1，4.5）]，具有高食用作物产量[AOR = 2.00，95％CI：（1.2，3.2）]和良好的态度[AOR = 1.69，95％CI：（1.1，2.6）]与孕妇的适当饮食习惯显着相关。在定性研究中，对孕产妇饮食知识的缺乏，文化禁忌和专业人员的知识鸿沟是干扰怀孕期间饮食习惯的障碍。结论研究区域的孕妇饮食习惯不理想。因此，卫生专业人员应使用卡片和榜样定期提供营养咨询，以促进多样化的食品生产和消费。专业人士的知识鸿沟是怀孕期间饮食习惯的障碍。结论研究区域的孕妇饮食习惯不理想。因此，卫生专业人员应使用卡片和榜样定期提供营养咨询，以促进多样化的食品生产和消费。专业人士的知识鸿沟是怀孕期间饮食习惯的障碍。结论研究区域的孕妇饮食习惯不理想。因此，卫生专业人员应使用卡片和榜样定期提供营养咨询，以促进多样化的食品生产和消费。