A novel feeding method to dielectric loaded substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) horn antennas is presented, resulting in equal half power beamwidths (HPBWs) and low sidelobe levels (SLLs) in both the E-plane and H-plane. The concept is to synthesize a unique electromagnetic field distribution using four vertically stacked SIWs. In particular, a uniquely adjusted excitation of magnitudes and phases of the four SIWs is employed as the feeding of the SIW horn, emulating the field distribution of pyramidal horn antennas. This approach realizes the phase correction of the electric field at the horn aperture and concentrates the radiation to the endfire direction to reduce the sidelobes. To prove the concept, a stacked dielectric loaded SIW horn antenna fed by four TE10 excitations was simulated at 35 GHz, yielding a gain of 15 dBi, an HPBW of 33° for both the E-plane and H-plane, and an SLL of approximately −24 dB for both the E-plane and H-plane. To achieve the desired excitation at each port, a narrowband SIW power splitter was designed to adapt a 3.5 mm coaxial connector to the four waveguide ports with the required phase shift. The entire feeding and antenna structure were fully substrate integrated and fabricated on Rogers 5880 panels. The measured radiation patterns show good agreement with the simulation with the best performance at 35.1 GHz.

中文翻译：

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由耦合模式仿真金字塔喇叭天线馈送的 SIW 喇叭天线

介绍了一种新的电介质加载基板集成波导 (SIW) 喇叭天线的馈电方法，可在 E 平面和 H 平面中产生相等的半功率波束宽度 (HPBW) 和低旁瓣电平 (SLL)。这个概念是使用四个垂直堆叠的 SIW 合成独特的电磁场分布。特别是，四个 SIW 的幅度和相位的独特调整激励被用作 SIW 喇叭的馈电，模拟金字塔喇叭天线的场分布。这种方法实现了喇叭孔径处电场的相位校正，将辐射集中到端射方向，以减少旁瓣。为了证明这一概念，在 35 GHz 模拟了由四个 TE10 激励馈电的堆叠介电负载 SIW 喇叭天线，产生了 15 dBi 的增益，E 面和 H 面的 HPBW 均为 33°，E 面和 H 面的 SLL 约为 -24 dB。为了在每个端口实现所需的激励，设计了一个窄带 SIW 功率分配器，将 3.5 mm 同轴连接器适配到具有所需相移的四个波导端口。整个馈电和天线结构完全基板集成并在 Rogers 5880 面板上制造。测得的辐射图与仿真结果非常吻合，在 35.1 GHz 时具有最佳性能。整个馈电和天线结构完全基板集成并在 Rogers 5880 面板上制造。测得的辐射图与仿真结果非常吻合，在 35.1 GHz 时具有最佳性能。整个馈电和天线结构完全基板集成并在 Rogers 5880 面板上制造。测得的辐射图与仿真结果非常吻合，在 35.1 GHz 时具有最佳性能。