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Anatomy and Physiology of Macaque Visual Cortical Areas V1, V2, and V5/MT: Bases for Biologically Realistic Models.
Cerebral Cortex ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-18 , DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz322
Simo Vanni 1, 2 , Henri Hokkanen 1, 2 , Francesca Werner 1, 2, 3 , Alessandra Angelucci 4
Affiliation  

The cerebral cortex of primates encompasses multiple anatomically and physiologically distinct areas processing visual information. Areas V1, V2, and V5/MT are conserved across mammals and are central for visual behavior. To facilitate the generation of biologically accurate computational models of primate early visual processing, here we provide an overview of over 350 published studies of these three areas in the genus Macaca, whose visual system provides the closest model for human vision. The literature reports 14 anatomical connection types from the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus to V1 having distinct layers of origin or termination, and 194 connection types between V1, V2, and V5, forming multiple parallel and interacting visual processing streams. Moreover, within V1, there are reports of 286 and 120 types of intrinsic excitatory and inhibitory connections, respectively. Physiologically, tuning of neuronal responses to 11 types of visual stimulus parameters has been consistently reported. Overall, the optimal spatial frequency (SF) of constituent neurons decreases with cortical hierarchy. Moreover, V5 neurons are distinct from neurons in other areas for their higher direction selectivity, higher contrast sensitivity, higher temporal frequency tuning, and wider SF bandwidth. We also discuss currently unavailable data that could be useful for biologically accurate models.

中文翻译:

猕猴视觉皮层区域 V1、V2 和 V5/MT 的解剖学和生理学:生物学真实模型的基础。

灵长类动物的大脑皮层包含多个处理视觉信息的解剖学和生理学上不同的区域。V1、V2 和 V5/MT 区在哺乳动物中是保守的,并且是视觉行为的中心。为了促进灵长类动物早期视觉处理的生物学精确计算模型的生成,我们在这里概述了 Macaca 属中这三个领域的 350 多项已发表研究,其视觉系统为人类视觉提供了最接近的模型。文献报道了从丘脑外侧膝状体核到 V1 的 14 种解剖连接类型,具有不同的起始层或终止层,以及 V1、V2 和 V5 之间的 194 种连接类型,形成了多个并行和相互作用的视觉处理流。此外,在 V1 中,分别有 286 种和 120 种内在兴奋性和抑制性连接的报告。在生理学上,一直有报道调整神经元对 11 种视觉刺激参数的反应。总体而言,组成神经元的最佳空间频率 (SF) 随皮质层级而降低。此外,V5 神经元与其他区域的神经元不同,因为它们具有更高的方向选择性、更高的对比灵敏度、更高的时间频率调谐和更宽的 SF 带宽。我们还讨论了可能对生物学精确模型有用的当前不可用数据。组成神经元的最佳空间频率 (SF) 随皮质层级而降低。此外,V5 神经元与其他区域的神经元不同,因为它们具有更高的方向选择性、更高的对比灵敏度、更高的时间频率调谐和更宽的 SF 带宽。我们还讨论了可能对生物学精确模型有用的当前不可用数据。组成神经元的最佳空间频率 (SF) 随皮质层级而降低。此外,V5 神经元与其他区域的神经元不同,因为它们具有更高的方向选择性、更高的对比灵敏度、更高的时间频率调谐和更宽的 SF 带宽。我们还讨论了可能对生物学精确模型有用的当前不可用数据。
更新日期:2020-01-07
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